APUSH Period 2 (1607–1754)

Colonial Differences

100

This factor most shaped New England society and government

religion (Puritan beliefs)

200

This factor most shaped the Southern Colonies’ economy

cash-crop agriculture

300

This region became the most culturally diverse due to immigration

The Middle Colonies

400

The main difference between New England and Southern colonies was this

community-based vs plantation-based society

500

This geographic factor led to smaller farms in New England and large plantations in the South

climate and soil differences

Labor Systems & Slavery

100

This labor system declined as slavery increased

indentured servitude

200

This event showed tensions between poor whites and elites, speeding the shift to slavery

Bacon’s Rebellion

300

This system became race-based and hereditary in the colonies

chattel slavery

400

The main reason plantation owners switched to African slavery

more permanent and controlled labor

500

This trade forcibly transported Africans to the Americas

The Middle Passage

British Control & Colonial Government

100

This policy meant Britain loosely enforced colonial laws

salutary neglect

200

This economic system kept colonies dependent on Britain

mercantilism

300

These laws restricted colonial trade to benefit England

The Navigation Acts

400

This concept allowed colonies to develop self-government

colonial autonomy

500

This event increased British control and angered colonists before 1700

The Dominion of New England

Religion & Intellectual Movements

100

This movement emphasized emotion and personal faith

The Great Awakening

200

This earlier belief system emphasized predestination

Puritanism (Calvinism)

300

This was a major effect of the Great Awakening

increased religious diversity

400

This Enlightenment idea influenced colonial government

natural rights

500

This thinker argued people have life, liberty, and property

John Locke

Key Turning Points

100

First permanent English settlement in North America

Jamestown

200

This document established self-government in Plymouth

The Mayflower Compact

300

This conflict revealed class tensions in Virginia society

Bacon’s Rebellion

400

This war set the stage for later British-colonial tensions

The French and Indian War

500

This overall trend defined Period 2 development

increasing colonial independence from Britain