Colonial Religion
Rebellions/ Revolts/Political Thought
Trade & Economy
Imperial Policy
Colonial Structure
100
What religious revival movement swept through the colonies in the 1730s–1740s?
The First Great Awakening.
100
What 1676 rebellion was led by frontier settlers upset with Virginia’s elite?
Bacon's Rebellion
100
What economic theory held that colonies existed to benefit the mother country?
Mercantilism.
100
What term refers to Britain’s unofficial policy of leaving the colonies largely alone?
Salutary neglect.
100
What was the first permanent English settlement in North America, famous for struggling with starvation and disease until tobacco production started its success?
Jamestown
200
Who was the preacher known for the sermon “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”?
Jonathan Edwards.
200
How did the Enlightenment influence political thought in the colonies?
Natural Rights, Social Contract exposed concerns about monarchies and lack of representation in parliament.
200
What was the purpose of the Navigation Acts?
To regulate colonial trade and ensure it benefited England.
200
What type of colony was ruled directly by the English crown?
Royal Colony/Company (governors appointed by King)
200
What type of colony was owned by investors seeking profit?
A joint-stock colony/company
300
What English preacher drew massive crowds during the Great Awakening?
300
How did Bacon’s Rebellion contribute to the growth of slavery?
It made elites fear indentured servants and turn more toward enslaved African labor.
300
What trade system moved goods and people between Europe, Africa, and the Americas?
The Triangular Trade.
300
What effect did the Navigation Acts have on colonial merchants?
They limited free trade and sometimes led to smuggling.
300
What kind of colony was granted to an individual or group by the king?
A proprietary colony/company
400
What term described traditional clergy who resisted the emotional style of the Great Awakening?
Old Lights
400
What was Governor William Berkeley criticized for during Bacon’s Rebellion?
Favoritism toward wealthy planters and failure to protect frontier settlers from Native attacks.
400
This was the brutal sea journey that brought enslaved Africans to the Americas.
The Middle Passage
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400
Why did salutary neglect benefit colonial legislatures?
It allowed them to gain more control over local matters, especially taxation.
400
What system gave land to settlers who paid for others to come to the colony?
The headright system.
500
How did the Great Awakening challenge established churches and lead to new religious movements?
It emphasized individual emotional connection to God, leading to the rise of Baptists, Methodists, and religious pluralism.
500
This 1630 sermon, delivered aboard the Arbella, outlined a vision of a model Puritan society that would serve as a moral example to the world—one that would be closely watched by God and man alike.
John Winthrop's "City upon a Hill" speech
500
How did the Atlantic economy shape colonial labor systems and markets?
It created dependence on slavery and export crops, while tying colonies into global trade.
500
How did imperial policy like salutary neglect and the navigation acts contribute to growing colonial identity and resistance?
Colonial autonomy increased, and resentment grew as Britain later tried to tighten control.
500
Compare the powers of colonial assemblies in proprietary and royal colonies.
Assemblies often had more independence in proprietary colonies; in royal colonies, governors held more power, though assemblies still controlled taxes.