The English
Religion
European Colonization/Exploration
Life in the Colonies
Miscellaneous
100
Name of the first successful settlement in Virginia; founded in 1607
Jamestown
100
An umbrella term for various Christian sects that broke away from the Roman Catholic Church following the start of the Reformation in 1517. They believe that faith alone merits salvation and good works are unnecessary. They reject the authority of the Pope and believe the Bible is the sole authority.
Protestantism
100
French explorer. Known as the “The Father of New France.” Founded Quebec in 1608. Made the first accurate maps of what is modern-day Eastern Canada.
Samuel de Champlain
100
People who offered up five to seven years of their freedom in exchange for passage to the New World.
Indentured Servants
100
The Dutch capital of their New Netherland colony. Noted for its tolerance of religious practices. (modern day NYC)
New Amsterdam
200
English explorer. While working to find a Northwest Passage for the Dutch East India Company, he sailed up the River that would eventually be named after him, establishing Dutch claims for what became New Amsterdam
Henry Hudson
200
A religious code and societal organization that split off from Anglicanism. Believed that their religious and social structures were ideal. They thought that the Church of England’s ceremonies and teachings were too reminiscent of Catholicism and that true believers ought to read the Bible for themselves and listen to the sermons of an educated clergy.
Puritanism
200
Dutch explorer who governed New Amsterdam; his dictatorial nature contributed to the fall of the Dutch settlement to the British.
Peter Stuyvesant
200
A failed 1676 rebellion in Jamestown. Indentured servants and slaves revolted against the Virginia Colony’s aristocracy. It led to a strengthening of racially coded laws, such as the Virginia Slave Codes of 1705, in order to divide impoverished white and black slaves, thus safeguarding the planter aristocracy from future rebellions.
Bacon's Rebellion
200
Where did an event of mass hysteria take place, in which almost 20 "witches" were executed?
Salem, MA
300
Virginia governor during Bacon’s Rebellion (1676). Ruled the colony based on the interests of the wealthy tobacco planters.
Sir William Berkeley
300
A Protestant theologian in during the 1630s. Believed American Indians should be treated justly. Advocated the then-radical notion of separation of church and state; Banished from Massachusetts in 1636, he and his followers went on to found Rhode Island.
Roger Williams
300
The noble title for Cecilius Calvert. He founded Maryland in 1632 as a haven for his fellow Catholics, and advocated for peaceful coexistence between Catholics and Protestants. Overthrown during the Glorious Revolution by Protestant rebels.
Lord Baltimore
300
The first elected legislative assembly in the New World. Established in 1619. It served as a political model for subsequent English colonies. Initially, only landowners could vote, and only the Virginia Company and the governor could rescind laws.
House of Burgesses
300
Who is this?
Metacom/King Philip
400
Also known as Metacom’s War, this conflict (1675–1678) was an ongoing battle between English colonists and the American Indian inhabitants of New England. The English victory expanded their access to land that was previously inhabited by the natives.
King Philips War
400
King Charles I was accused of this sinful act in Protestant England when he appeared to favor Catholic doctrine.
Popery
400
Governor of Massachusetts Bay; inspired his followers by claiming the colony was a "city upon a hill"
John Winthrop
400
Describe two distinct differences between life in the New England Colonies vs. life in the Chesapeake colonies
New England: Puritan/religion focused, families, familiar climate
Chesapeake: mostly men, bad climate
400
The name for an American Indian tribe neighboring Jamestown. Also the common name for its chief (formally known as Wahunsenacawh) in the 1610s, who was father to Pocahontas
Powhatan
500
An influential Virginian leader. In 1611, he introduced his fellow farmers to tobacco cultivation, which provided the economic basis for their colony’s survival. Married Pocahontas.
John Rolfe
500
A minority Puritan faction that wished to abandon the Church of England and form their own independent church cleansed of any lingering Catholicism. After a failed 1607–1608 effort in the Netherlands, that failed due to fears over the local culture corrupting their children, they boarded the Mayflower and founded Plymouth colony.
Separatists
500
Describe the difference between "covenant of grace" and "covenant of works" in Puritan New England.
grace = only god can decide if you are saved
works = good deeds in life will get you into heaven
500
A policy where a colonial government grants a set amount of land to any settler who paid for their own—or someone else’s—passage to the New World.
Headright System
500
A war in New England in 1636–1638. Fought between the local tribe and the English colonists with their American Indian allies. A catastrophic defeat for the local tribe. Famous for the Mystic massacre, where over 500 natives were slaughtered in a blaze. War is named for the tribe who was massacred.
Pequot War