Pre-Revolutionary War
The passage of this act marked the first direct tax on goods in the American colonies by the British, much to the outrage of the colonists
What was the Stamp Act?
This pamphlet by Thomas Paine fundamentally shifted the focus of the Revolutionary War to independence
What is Common Sense?
This mechanism in the Constitution ensures that the national government and state governments will have balanced powers in order to prevent tyranny and weakness
What is federalism/the division of powers?
Washington's Farewell Address called for this type of policy in regards to the constant and tumultuous wars in Europe
What is neutrality?
This term refers to a concept in the early-independent era where women would train their children to become responsible citizens in the future
What was republican motherhood?
This line, created in 1763 by King George III following the French and Indian War, was a failed attempt at preventing colonists from settling westward and encroaching upon Native American lands, but it marked the end of salutary neglect
What was the Proclamation Line?
After this battle, the United States was able to negotiate a Treaty of Amity and Commerce with France, leading them to join the war against Great Britain
What was the Battle of Saratoga?
This revolt of veterans in western Massachusetts highlighted the failures of the Articles of Confederation to protect the rights of American citizens from violence
What was Shays' Rebellion?
Hamilton's economic program included the establishment of this federal agency, causing a rift in the government between the Hamiltonian Federalists and the Jeffersonian Democratic-Republicans over interpretations of the Constitution
What was the First Bank of the United States?
This bill, written by Thomas Jefferson, was passed in the House of Burgesses, influencing the guarantee of religious tolerance present in the Constitution
What was the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom?
In order to combat smuggling, the British issued these broad warrants that allowed officials to search ships for illegal goods
What are writs of assistance?
This statement by the British governor of Virginia offered to free any slaves who would defect to the British side
What was Lord Dunmore's proclamation?
This clause in the Constitution was included due to demands for the South to have some of their slave population count for electoral representation in the House of Representatives
What was the three-fifths compromise?
This 1797 incident during negotiations with the French to create a new alliance destroyed any good relations with France, leading to the Quasi-War
What was the XYZ affair?
States in the North passed these laws in order to wean out the practice of slavery
What were gradual emancipation laws?
Benjamin Franklin created this proposition to unite the American colonies in 1754, fearing threats by French expansionism, but was rejected
What was the Albany Plan?
This British general was forced to surrender in 1781 at Yorktown to the American and French armies, essentially ending the fighting of the war
Who was Charles Cornwallis?
The inclusion of the Bill of Rights in the Constitution came as a result of this group of people, one of whom wrote under the name Brutus to oppose ratification
Who were the Anti-Federalists?
These 1798 laws passed by the Adams administration silenced dissent by the Democratic-Republican press, leading to massive criticisms of the Federalists being an elitist and tyrannical party
What were the Alien and Sedition Acts?
This term was used by the British in order to justify the right for Great Britain to tax the colonies, who did not have a seat in Parliament
What is virtual representation?
This agreement amongst the American colonies established a boycott of British products, hoping to pressure Great Britain into repealing the Intolerable Acts
What was the Continental Association?
This 1783 treaty ended the American Revolutionary War officially, granting the United States its Northwestern Territory and official recognition of its independence declared on July 4, 1776
What was the Treaty of Paris (1783)?
This Jeffersonian principle was carried out by the Northwest Ordinance, which provided for the admission of new, equal states out of the Northwest Territory as opposed to subordinating them to the East
What was the "empire of liberty?"
These political positions were written by Vice President Thomas Jefferson and James Madison for state legislatures, foreshadowing the idea of nullification of federal law
What were the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions?
This term refers to the idea that a woman's person and property were "held" by her husband and that she did not make her own choices
What was coverture?