She's a Strong, Independent Nation Who Needs No Man
Virtually everywhere in the colonies, the slogan "taxation without representation" is a rejection of what type of representation.
Virtual representation
In addition to a tax on sugar, what else did the Sugar Act do?
It cracked down on smuggling by prosecuting suspected smugglers without the benefit of a jury trial.
The Articles of Confederation suffered from serious flaws which prevented Congress from effectively establishing order and stability for the Republic. Provide ONE piece of evidence that backs up this claim.
Inability to tax
Inability to raise an army
Inability to print a national currency
More of a "League of Friendship" rather than a government
Required unanimous vote on certain laws
The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution after the Constitution was ratified to do what?
To satisfy Anti-Federalist demands for limits on the national government.
To establish financial stability and credit of the new government.
The Boston Tea Party was a response to the Tea Act which sought to do what?
Rescue the East India Company from bankruptcy and dump large amounts of cheap tea on the American market.
French and Indian War (Seven Years War)
Rather than being ineffective at maintaining order, the Articles of Confederation was successful at accomplishing the goals the drafters of the Articles intended it to accomplish.
Provide one piece of evidence that backs up this claim.
1) Successfully waged the War.
2) Settled the Western lands issue (Northwest Ordinance).
3) Successfully held the states together.
Authored by Hamilton and Madison, the purpose of the Federalist Papers was to do what?
Attain ratification of the Constitution.
Hamilton wanted to put the US's finances on a firm footing. In the "Report on Credit" Hamilton proposed to do what to accomplish this goal?
- Funded the national debt
- Assume the debts of the states.
- Establish a Bank of the United States
- Whiskey tax
The Proclamation of 1763, issued by the British, did what?
Forbade white settlement west of the Proclamation Line.
The Boston Massacre was the result of what?
Tensions as a result of British troops occupying Boston and laborers competing for jobs.
What were the consequences of Shays' Rebellion?
Made nationalists rethink the Articles of Confederation and led to desire to reform or eliminate the Articles in favor of a stronger national government.
The 3/5th Compromise refers to what?
The rate at which one slave counted towards congressional representation.
The first Congress of the United States strengthened the power of the government by enacting laws to build a government "from scratch."
Provide one piece of evidence that supports this argument.
- Established executive departments.
- Organized a federal court system (Judiciary Act)
- Passed a tariff
- COUNTER-EVIDENCE: drafted the Bill of Rights.
The Declaratory Act reasserted Parliaments right to make extract revenue from the North American colonies through taxation. How did the American colonists react?
Initiated nonimportation (boycott) of British goods.
- All were highly educated.
- All were nationalists who supported a stronger national government.
- All wanted to limited extreme democracy.
It's depressing to think about the context in which Shays' Rebellion occurred. Describe the context of Shays' Rebellion.
Western Massachusetts farmers were suffering from high debts, high taxes and foreclosures on their farms due to a deepening economic depression and spiraling inflation.
During the Constitutional Convention, the goal of the framers of the Constitution was to restrict or tame the unruly democracy that supposedly led to disorder and chaos during the Articles of Confederation. Provide one specific piece of evidence that supports this claim.
- Establishment of an Electoral College
- Est. of an executive branch
- Power to tax and print money
What were the international and domestic consequences of Pickney's and Jay's Treaties?
- Established total American sovereignty over the West.
- Opened up the Mississippi River to American commerce.
- The debate over the treaties led to the development of Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties.
Thomas Paine's Common Sense attacked what when arguing for independence from Britain?
- Legitimacy of monarchy as a form of government.
- The idea that the colonies were better off within the British Empire.
How did the Revolution impact slaves?
- Many slaves escaped to join the British Army.
- Some slaves were promised freedom if they joined the Continental Army.
- Many slaves used the language of Liberty to demand abolition of slavery.
In addition to establishing a system of surveying Western lands, the Northwest Ordinance established procedures to do what?
Procedures by which territories could become States.
Addressing problems BIG and SMALL, what was the context of the competing Virginia and New Jersey Plans or how should representation be proportioned in Congress?
Illustrated the struggles between BIG and SMALL States over power and influence in the new government.
BONUS Q: What was the name of the compromise that bridged the differences between big and small states?
During the Adams Administration, the Federalist overstepped the legitimate use of power by a government by enacting unconstitutional laws that targeted their opponents.
Provide one piece of evidence that supports this argument.
- Alien and Sedition Acts
- Kentucky and Virginia Resolves