Native Americans
People native to the Americas mistakenly called Indians when Columbus discovered the Americas.
Who are Native Americans?
DAILY DOUBLE!!
These animals multiplied at vast rates in America after European and Native American exposure.
What are pigs, cattle, sheep, horses, and goats?
After the failure of the Articles of Confederation, these three differing plans were presented about how representation should be split up in the colonies.
What are the Virginia Plan, the New Jersey Plan, and the Connecticut Compromise (or the Great Compromise)?
These people decried the Christian faith that was merely intellectual and emphasized the importance of spiritual rebirth, whereas another group preferred to emphasize the importance of cultivating a virtuous Christian life.
Who were the new lights and the old lights?
Define the Columbian Exchange.
What was the massive exchange of agricultural goods, animals, slave labor, communicable diseases, and ideas between the New and Old Worlds.
Hunter-gatherers (great plains and eastern), Fishermen (coastal mostly western), and Farmers (mostly eastern).
What are the different food sources in different regions?
These two crops became a major staple in European farming.
What are maize and potatoes?
This war caused increased taxes in the colonies as well as disagreements between England and the colonies about where the colonists should be allowed to settle and eventually led to the Revolutionary War.
What is the French and Indian War (or the 7 years war)?
A Protestant religious revival during the early 19th century in the United States (1790-1850) spread religion through revivals and emotional preaching and sparked a number of reform movements.
What was the Second Great Awakening?
Define the different regions of colonies and what religious beliefs they practiced.
What are the New England colonies (Puritans), the Middle colonies/Mid-Coast (Quakers, Catholics, Lutherans, Jews), and the Southern colonies (Baptists & Anglicans)?
A labor system created by the Spanish.
What is the encomienda system?
This was the most prominent disease in America that we talked about and killed millions.
What is smallpox?
Passed by the Adams Administration, these acts prompted the response of the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions from Democratic-Republicans.
What are the Alien and Sedition Acts?
A reform movement that began in 1517 with Martin Luther’s critiques of the Roman Catholic Church. It resulted in protestants dividing themselves from Catholics.
What was the Protestant Reformation?
Define which products each region of colonies specialized in.
New England colonies: fish, whale products, ships, timber products, furs, maple syrup, copper, livestock products, horses, rum, whiskey, beer)
Middle colonies: corn and wheat and livestock including beef and pork. Other industries included the production of iron ore, lumber, coal, textiles, furs and shipbuilding
Southern colonies: tobacco, cotton, sugar, rice, indigo (dye) via the Slave Plantations, lumber, furs, farm products
War lasting 7 years caused by English encroachment.
What is the French and Indian War?
Native Americans lacked immunity and were more susceptible to getting European diseases for this reason.
What is a lack of exposure to these new diseases as they had never encountered these people before, so their immune systems were unsure of how to fight off the new viruses that came over from Europe?
This victory by the colonists caused the French to join the revolutionary war against Britain.
What is the battle of Saratoga?
The practice of passing family land, by will or by custom, to the eldest son.
What is the act of primogeniture?
This was the year that the Columbian Exchange began.
Natives banded together to fight colonists.
What is the Western Confederacy?
The cultivation of this created a major demand for slavery throughout plantations in order to boost their economy.
What is sugarcane?
DAILY DOUBLE!!
Name the various acts that were instated after the end of salutary neglect that angered the colonists (DO NOT include the Quartering Act).
What were the Navigation Acts, Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Townsend Acts, and Intolerable Acts?
This Supreme Court case ruled that the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.
What was "Marbury v. Madison"?
This was the overall percentage loss from 1500 to 1650 due to diseases spread during the Columbian Exchange.
What is 50-90%?