Period 1
Which European nation first established a permanent settlement in present-day Florida?
Spain
What was the first permanent English settlement in North America?
Jamestown
A British tax on printed materials in the colonies
What was the Stamp Act?
What land deal doubled the size of the United States in 1803?
The Louisiana Purchase
What doctrine justified American expansion across the continent?
Manifest Destiny
What term describes the rapid growth of industry and urban areas after the Civil War? (2 Terms)
Industrialization and Urbanization
What event marked the beginning of U.S. imperialism?
The Spanish-American War
What was the U.S. foreign policy aimed at stopping the spread of communism?
Containment
What was the primary goal of Spanish missions in the New World?
To convert Native Americans to Christianity
Which labor system initially supported tobacco production in Virginia?
Indentured servitude
Who wrote Common Sense?
Thomas Paine
Who were the War Hawks?
Congressmen who supported war with Britain in 1812
What war resulted in the U.S. acquiring much of the Southwest?
The Mexican-American War
Who led the oil industry with the Standard Oil Company?
John D. Rockefeller
African Americans moved North for jobs and to escape racism
What is the Great Migration?
What scandal led to President Nixon’s resignation?
Watergate
Which term describes the exchange of goods, ideas, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds?
Columbian Exchange
The transatlantic journey that brought enslaved Africans to the Americas
What was the Middle Passage?
What war marked the beginning of British debt and colonial resentment?
The French and Indian War (7 Years' War)
What invention increased production and slavery?
The cotton gin
What book intensified sectional conflict by depicting the horrors of slavery?
Uncle Tom's Cabin
What was the significance of the Homestead Act?
It provided land to settlers willing to farm it
What event led the U.S. into World War II?
The attack on Pearl Harbor
What Cold War conflict became unpopular in the U.S.?
The Vietnam War
What labor system did the Spanish use to exploit Native labor in the colonies?
Encomienda system
An early form of self-government by the Pilgrims.
What was the Mayflower Compact?
What did the Proclamation of 1763 prohibit?
Colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains
What Supreme Court case established judicial review?
Marbury v. Madison
Lincoln's 1863 order freeing slaves in Confederate-held areas
What was the Emancipation Proclamation?
What 1896 Supreme Court case upheld segregation laws?
Plessy v. Ferguson
What did the 19th Amendment achieve?
Women’s suffrage
What plan helped rebuild Europe after WWII?
The Marshall Plan
Which economic theory motivated European powers to acquire colonies and extract wealth?
Mercantilism
Which conflict resulted in the destruction of many Native tribes in New England?
King Philip's War (Metacom's War)
What event exposed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
Shays' Rebellion
Who led the Seneca Falls Convention? (2 Individuals)
Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott
What battle was the turning point of the Civil War?
The Battle of Gettysburg
Exposed corruption and social injustices in institutions
Who are muckrackers?
What event triggered the Great Depression?
The stock market crash of 1929
What did the GI Bill provide to veterans? (2 Benefits)
Education and housing benefits
What animal introduced by Europeans dramatically changed Native American hunting practices?
The horse
Which colonial rebellion revealed tensions between backcountry settlers and the elite in Virginia?
Bacon's Rebellion
What did Washington warn against in his Farewell Address? (There are 2)
Political parties and foreign alliances
What philosophy emphasized emotion and nature over logic and reason?
Transcendentalism
Created to assist formerly enslaved people with education and resources
What is the Freedmen's Bureau
What 1887 act aimed to assimilate Native Americans?
The Dawes Act
What U.S. president is associated with the Square Deal?
Theodore Roosevelt
What law banned segregation in public places?
The Civil Rights Act of 1964