New England
This Separatist group believed only "visible saints" should be admitted to church membership and sought a total break from the Church of England.
Who are the Pilgrims (or Separatists)?
These four colonies—New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware—were known for their ethnic and religious diversity.
What are the Middle Colonies?
This cash crop, introduced to Virginia by John Rolfe around 1612, became the colony's most profitable export and transformed its economy.
What is tobacco?
This crop, grown extensively in South Carolina because West African slaves had genetic immunity to malaria, became a major export by 1710.
What is rice?
This Powhatan leader dominated a confederacy of tribes in the James River area when English colonists arrived at Jamestown.
Who is Chief Powhatan?
This document, signed in 1620 before the Pilgrims left the Mayflower, established the principle of majority rule and simple government to prevent "sinful anarchy."
What is the Mayflower Compact?
This Dutch explorer employed by a Dutch company sailed up the river that now bears his name in search of a passage to Asia.
Who is Henry Hudson?
This system granted 50 acres of land to colonists for each person whose passage to Virginia they paid for, incentivizing the importation of laborers.
What is the headright system?
By 1710, enslaved Africans outnumbered free colonists in South Carolina, making them this percentage of the colony's population.
What is majority?
This Native American leader united tribes throughout New England and staged coordinated attacks on white settlements in 1675-1676.
Who is Metacom (or King Philip)?
This Native American served as an interpreter and advisor to the Plymouth colonists after spending time in England.
Who is Squanto?
According to legend, Peter Minuit purchased this island from Native Americans for only $24 in 1626, establishing the colony's main settlement.
What is Manhattan (or the island of New Amsterdam)?
In 1619, a Dutch ship brought these 20 people to Jamestown, marking the beginning of slavery in the American colonies.
Who are African slaves?
This 1739 rebellion in South Carolina demonstrated that enslaved Africans resisted their bondage and fought back against their enslavement.
What is The Stono Rebellion?
This war (1675-1676) ended in failure for Native Americans and demonstrated that they would never pose a serious threat to New England colonists again.
What is King Philip's War?
This Puritan minister was exiled from Massachusetts Bay in 1635 for arguing for a full break with the Anglican Church and fair treatment of Native Americans.
Who is Roger Williams?
This Quaker leader received a grant from King Charles II in 1681 to establish a colony as repayment for a debt owed to his father.
Who is William Penn?
This 1676 rebellion led by Nathaniel Bacon against Governor Berkeley revealed tensions between wealthy planters and poor colonists and accelerated the shift to slavery.
What is Bacon's Rebellion?
This port city in South Carolina, named after King Charles II, became the busiest port in the South and had a wealthy, cosmopolitan feel.
What is Charleston?
This peace treaty signed in 1621 between Chief Massasoit and Plymouth colonists led to the celebration of the First Thanksgiving.
What is the Treaty with the Wampanoags (or peace treaty)?
In 1692, this Massachusetts town experienced hysteria that resulted in the execution of 20 people accused of witchcraft, demonstrating the dangers of theocratic control.
What is Salem?
William Penn's vision for Pennsylvania as a society with economic opportunity, civil liberty, and religious freedom for all was called this.
What is the "Holy Experiment"?
Beginning in 1662, these laws made Africans and their children permanent property of white masters for life, transforming slavery from economic to racial institution.
What are the slave codes?
Georgia was founded in 1733 partly as a buffer zone between valuable British colonies and these two foreign powers to the south and west.
What are Spain (Spanish Florida) and France (French Louisiana)?
This disease, introduced through the Columbian Exchange, wiped out approximately three-quarters of the Native American population before the arrival of English colonists.
What is smallpox?