Units 1-2
An economic system characterized by private property and open markets, adopted by Europe after colonizing the Americas
A policy of rewarding political supporters with government positions, popularized by Andrew Jackson
What is the spoils system?
The belief that the United States was destined by God to spread across North America, used as justification for westward expansion
What is Manifest Destiny?
A nickname for the Great Plains region wrecked by dust storms and droughts in the 1930s due to reckless farming and irrigation practices
What is the Dust Bowl?
A Supreme court ruling overturning Plessy v. Ferguson and abolishing racial segregation within schools, with the argument that "separate" was inherently "unequal"
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
What is Poor Richard's Almanack?
A four-year conflict between the American navy and the African nation of Tripoli, ended by a reluctant Thomas Jefferson who deployed American forces to secure a peace treaty
What is the Tripolitan War?
Houses run by middle-class women that provided food, housing, and education for immigrant populations, as well as offering them a means of social connection
What are settlement houses?
A period of intense anticommunism and paranoia, influenced by General A. Mitchell Palmer's mass deportation of "subversive" individuals
A 444 day period where Iranian revolutionaries held American embassy workers captive, with a botched response from the Carter administration before the hostages were eventually released
An activist and a Quaker that founded Pennsylvania as a haven for Quakers, making peaceful relations with neighboring Native Americans
Who is William Penn?
A Black abolitionist who detailed his experience as a slave in his autobiography and helped inform Abraham Lincoln's decision to emancipate slaves
Who is Frederick Douglass?
A nativist political party that emerged in response to an influx of immigrants, primarily Irish Catholics
What is the Know-Nothing party?
Shantytowns made in the Great Depression where people slept under newspapers and makeshift tents, an insult to the Hoover administration
What are Hoovervilles?
A series of treaties signed between Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev and Jimmy Carter intended to bring a halt to the manufacture and purchase of armed munitions
What are the S.A.L.T. treaties?
An intercolonial Congress founded by the British government to assure Iroquois unity and support in their war against the French
What is the Albany Congress?
A policy administering the Northwest territories by opening a path to statehood and forbidding the expansion of slavery into these territories
What is the Northwest Ordinance?
An advocate of vocational education for African Americans and founder of the Tuskegee Institute who focused on gaining economic power for Black people
Who is Booker T. Washington?
The constitutional amendment that prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages, ushering in the prohibition movement
What is the 18th Amendment?
A conservative political movement initiated in response to Barack Obama's economic and health care policies, acting as a source of protest and pressure from the Republican Party
What is the Tea Party Movement?
What is the Iroquois Confederacy?
A 19th-century cultural belief that offered married women greater authority over home life, but no authority outside the domestic sphere
What is the cult of domesticity?
A Civil-War era case where the Supreme Court ruled that civilians could not be tried by military tribunals if civil courts were open
What is Ex parte Milligan?
An economic theory suggesting that central banks should adjust interest rates and governments should use deficit spending and taxes to increase purchasing power and therefore prosperity
What is Keynesianism?
A cartel comprised of Middle Eastern states and Venezuela with the goal of controlling oil access and pricing, wrestling power from Western oil companies and investors
What is the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)?