Period 1
This exchange transformed Afro-Eurasia and the Americas by moving crops, animals, diseases, people, and ideas across the Atlantic after 1492.
What was the Columbian Exchange?
This economic system shaped British colonial policy by treating colonies as sources of raw materials and markets for the mother country.
What was mercantilism?
This war ended French power in mainland North America but left Britain with debt and new imperial responsibilities that angered colonists.
What was the Seven Years’ War?
The expansion of canals, roads, railroads, farming, and wage labor started this.
What was the Market Revolution?
God said this belongs to me because it should.
What was Manifest Destiny?
This Spanish labor system granted colonists the right to demand tribute and labor from Native peoples while claiming to Christianize them.
What was the encomienda system?
This 1676 Virginia rebellion exposed tensions among frontier settlers, wealthy planters, colonial officials, and Native peoples.
What was Bacon’s Rebellion?
This British policy tried to limit colonial settlement west of the Appalachians, frustrating colonists who expected western land after the war.
What was the Proclamation of 1763?
This Supreme Court decision strengthened federal power by upholding the constitutionality of the national bank and limiting state interference with federal institutions.
What was McCulloch v. Maryland?
This proposal tried to ban slavery in the new territory acquired from Mexico, and failed.
What was the Wilmot Proviso?
Spanish colonization created this social order that ranked Europeans, Indigenous peoples, Africans, mestizos, and mulattoes according to ancestry and legal status.
What was the Spanish caste system?
This eighteenth-century religious movement challenged established churches, emphasized emotional conversion, and helped create a shared colonial religious culture.
What was the First Great Awakening?
This principle argued that Parliament could tax colonists because they were subjects of Britain, and thus had their best interests laid out for them.
What was virtual representation?
This religious revival movement encouraged moral reforms and helped push abolitionism, temperance, and suffrage to the mainstream.
What was the Second Great Awakening?
This Supreme Court decision declared that Black people were not citizens, even if born on US soil.
What was Dred Scott v. Sandford?
The 1680 uprising in New Mexico temporarily expelled Spanish colonists and showed Indigenous resistance to forced labor, religious conversion, and colonial rule.
What was the Pueblo Revolt?
This term describes the interconnected trade system linking the Americas, Europe, and Africa through sugar, tobacco, manufactured goods, and enslaved labor.
What was the transatlantic trade system?
This national government could was based on a "league of friendship."
What were the Articles of Confederation?
Under Andrew Jackson, South Carolina claimed it could reject federal tariffs, forcing a strong federal response.
What was the Nullification Crisis?
This law promoted the idea that people living there should vote for the slave policy. However, it didn't go all too well when everyone started killing each other!
What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act and Bleeding Kansas?
Native societies operated under this religious system that conflicted with Europeans in various aspects, the key points of which were land ownership and divinity.
What was animism?
The growth of slavery in the Chesapeake and Lower South was tied not only to racism but also to this broader economic demand from Atlantic markets.
What was the demand for staple crops (tobacco, indigo, rice)?
This compromise at the interests by creating a legislature with representation for both small and big states.
What was the Great Compromise, or Connecticut Compromise?
Unlike previous elections, the basis of populism expanded political participation at the expense of various other groups.
What was Jacksonian democracy?
After the Brother's War, the attempt to rebuild in the new era failed spectacularly. This was mainly due to resistance, fatigue, and weak federal protections for Blacks.
What was Radical Reconstruction?