Early Colonialism
An influential Virginian leader. In 1611, he introduced his fellow farmers to tobacco cultivation, which provided the economic basis for their colony’s survival. Married Pocahontas.
Who is John Rolfe?
French explorer known as "The Father of New France" who founded Quebec in 1608.
Who is Samuel de Champlain
A failed 1676 rebellion in Jamestown that included servants and slaves against the colony's aristocracy. Led to racially coded laws.
What is Bacon's Rebellion?
The name for an American Indian tribe neighboring Jamestown. Also the common name for its chief in the 1610s, who was father to Pocahontas and brother to Opechancanough.
Who are/was Powhatan?
The theory that a government should control economic pursuits to further a nation’s national power, especially in the acquisition of silver and gold.
What is mercantilism?
These religious leaders wished to reform the Church of England to be more in line with their Calvinist ideology, and rejected the Roman Catholic holdovers in the Anglican Church.
What are Puritans.
The Dutch capital of their New Netherland colony noted for its tolerance of religious practices.
What is New Amsterdam?
The first elected legislative assembly in the New World. Established in 1619. It served as a political model for subsequent English colonies.
What is the House of Burgesses?
A Protestant theologian in during the 1630s who wanted relationships with Natives and founded Rhode Island.
Who is Roger Williams?
An English law that called for the free worship of most Protestants, not only Puritans. Forced on Massachusetts in 1691 after it was made a royal colony, revoking its earlier Puritan-centric charter.
What is the Toleration Act of 1689?
A colony in which the crown allotted land and governmental command to one person. Maryland under Lord Baltimore is an example of it.
What is a proprietary colony?
A 1680 revolt against Spanish settlers in the modern-day American Southwest. Led by a Pueblo man named Popé, it forced the Spanish to abandon Santa Fe. A rare, decisive American Indian victory against European colonization.
What is the Pueblo Revolt?
A 1739 slave uprising in Stono, South Carolina that led to the deaths of more than four dozen colonists and as many as 200 African slaves. Prompted South Carolina’s proprietors to create a stricter slave code.
What is the Stono Rebellion?
What is the Pequot War?
A Protestant religious movement that took place across the Thirteen Colonies during the 1730s and 1740s. It indirectly helped spur religious tolerance and led to the founding of many universities.
What is the Great Awakening?
The first Puritans to colonize the New World. Settled at Plymouth. Members of a minority group of Puritans known as separatists.
What are Pilgrims?
An umbrella term for various Christian sects that broke away from the Roman Catholic Church following the start of the Reformation in 1517. Constitutes one of three major branches of Christianity, alongside Catholicism and the Eastern Orthodox faith.
What is Protestantism?
A transatlantic trade network that included raw materials, manufactured goods, and slavery.
What is the Triangular Trade?
Also known as Metacom’s War, (1675–1678) this was an ongoing battle between English colonists and the American Indian inhabitants of New England. The English victory expanded their access to land that was previously inhabited by the natives.
What is King Philip's War?
A preacher credited for sparking the (First) Great Awakening. His sermons encouraged parishioners to repent of their sins and obey God’s word in order to earn mercy. He delivered his most famous sermon, “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God,” in 1741.
Who is Jonathan Edwards?
The first written form of government in the modern-day United States. Drafted by the Pilgrims, it was an agreement to establish a secular body that would administer the leadership of the Plymouth colony.
What is the Mayflower Compact?
A document which Parliament used to grant exclusive rights and privileges. Required for the legal sanction of a formal colony.
What is a charter?
The leg of Triangular Trade which transported Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the New World. Approximately 20 percent of enslaved Africans died before reaching the New World due to poor conditions, dehydration, and disease.
What is the Middle Passage?
American Indian woman who brokered peace between her tribe and the early settlers at Jamestown, such as John Smith. Married John Rolfe in 1614.
Who is Pocahontas?
A traveling New Light preacher during the Great Awakening. Known for his sermons on the “fire and brimstone” eternity that all sinners would face if they did not publicly confess their sins. Undermined the power and prestige of Old Light ministers by proclaiming that ordinary people could understand Christian doctrine without the clergy’s guidance.
Who is George Whitefield?