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Early Colonial Period
The Revolution
Early Republic
1800s
Civil War
100
A system of bondage in which the slave has the legal status of property and so can be bought and sold as such.
What is "Chattel Slavery"
100
Following British victory in the Seven Years' War (French and Indian War), the French-allied Pontiac led an unsuccessful uprising near Detroit. Realizing how expensive it would be to control the trans-Appalachian West, the British government issued the following in 1763 to prevent colonial settlement beyond the Appalachian mountains.
What is the "Royal Proclamation of 1763" or "Proclamation Line"?
100
The mercantilist system of national economic development advocated by Henry Clay and adopted by John Quincy Adams, with a national bank to manage the nation's financial system; protective tariffs to provide revenue and encourage industry; and a nationally funded network of canals, roads, and railroads.
What is the "American System"?
100
A nineteenth-century intellectual movement that posited the importance of an ideal world of mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the immediate grasp of the senses. Thinkers associated with this movement advocated individuality, nonconformity, and self-reliance.
What is "Transcendentalism"?
100
This abolitionist zealot, along with his sons, murdered 5 proslavery farmers at Pottawatomie Kansas in 1856 with broadswords. He would later be hanged for his unsuccessful raid at Harper's Ferry, in which he intended to incite a mass slave insurrection.
Who is "John Brown"?
200
The massive global exchange of things, including people, animals, plants, and diseases, between the Eastern and Western hemispheres that began after the voyages of Columbus. An early form of globalization.
What is the "Columbian Exchange"
200
In 1779, this British announcement promised freedom to any slave who deserted a rebel master. Slaveholding colonists realized with horror the reality of a "triangle war".
What is the "Philipsburg Proclamation"?
200
This South Carolina senator was the prime advocate of states' rights and nullification, a co-founder of the Whig Party (along with Henry Clay and Daniel Webster), and an unabashed advocate for the "positive good" of slavery.
Who is John C. Calhoun?
200
Along with the Democratic Party, this political group comprised the other national party of the Second Party System. Formed in 1834 in opposition to Andrew Jackson's policies as president.
What is the "Whig Party"?
200
Name three of the five provisions of the Compromise of 1850, which Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, and Stephen A. Douglas pieced together over a strong of booze-filled nights in that year hoping to preserve the Union in the wake of the Mexican War.
-New Fugitive Slave Act -Admitted CA as a free state -Increased the size of NM at the expense of TX -Abolished the slave trade (though not slavery) in DC -Organized the UT and NM territories and left the slavery question to popular sovereignty in the territories
300
This dissident figure believed in religious toleration and praised the separation of church and state. Puritan leaders banished him from the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1636; in 1644, he and his followers founded the colony of Rhode Island.
Who is Roger Williams?
300
These three factors allowed the colonists to defeat a superior British foe in the Revolution.
What is "French Support, British Mistakes, and American Leadership"?
300
This act mandated the relocation of eastern tribes to the territory west of the Mississippi. Indians resisted the controversial act, and many perished on the "Trail of Tears," though most were ultimately forced to comply.
What is the "Indian Removal Act of 1830"?
300
Although the coastal trade garnered the greatest condemnation from antislavery northerners, this less-visible trade operated extensively throughout the South, supplying slaves to the Deep South cotton plantations and booming with the abolition of the foreign slave trade in 1808.
What is the "inland system"?
300
A major catalyst for the Civil War, this 1857 Supreme Court decision ruled that territories could not prohibit slavery until admitted as a state, that the 5th amendment prevent Congress from prohibiting slaveowners from taking their slave property to territories, and that African Americans (slave or free) could not be citizens and therefore could not sue in court.
What is "Dred Scott v. Sandford"?
400
English laws passed, beginning in the 1650s and 1660s, requiring that certain English colonial goods be shipped through English ports on English ships manned by English sailors in order to benefit English merchants, shippers, and seamen. This mercantilist policy was fiercely resented by colonists in America.
What are the "Navigation Acts"?
400
Name three crucial weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.
Laws required 9 of 13 states Amendments required unanimous consent Lacked a chief executive Lacked a judiciary Could not enforce provisions of international treaties Lacked the power to tax
400
Jefferson's election to the presidency in 1800 is often referred to as a "revolution" because it was the first time the following had happened in the young nation's history.
What is "the peaceful transfer of power from one political party to another"?
400
The brand of republicanism that typified the Old South; a republic based on the principle of rule by a master race.
What is a "herrenvolk republic"?
400
William Tecumseh Sherman pioneered this style of war, which targeted the entire society instead of merely soldiers; his troops used this strategy in his infamous 1865 March to the Sea scorched-earth campaign.
What is "Hard War"?
500
This 1676 uprising in Virginia, comprised of white indentured servants and black slaves so terrified the ruling elite, that in its wake the legislature began codifying slavery along racial lines and enlisting poor whites in local slave patrols to inhibit class-based resistance.
What is "Bacon's Rebellion"?
500
Gordon Wood has argued that the American Revolution did not end with peace or American independence; provide a compelling argument for when you believe the Revolution ended.
-Adoption of the Constitution -Election of 1800 -Gettysburg Address -Conclusion of the Civil War -19th Amendment -Never
500
Even though a strict constructionist of the Constitution and an ardent believer in limited government, Jefferson approved the purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803 due to the following rationale.
What is the "safety valve" theory? -He wanted free land for his yeoman to expand and remain virtuous.
500
Slavery impacted the black family in a number of ways; name two distinct features of slave identity and/or resistance in the antebellum South.
What is "Black Protestantism" -Rebellions: Gabriel Prosser (1800) Nat Turner (1831) -"Fictive kinship" -Negotiating the "task system" -Underground Railroad
500
How did the Civil War transform American Society? Provide three concrete examples.
-Abolished slavery -Emergence of a new financial aristocracy -America lost a generation of young men -Lincoln provided the nation a telos (equality) in his Gettysburg Address -The size and role of the federal government expanded dramatically