French & Indian War and Its Effects
What 1754–1763 war between Britain and France began in the colonies?
French and Indian War (Seven Years’ War)
What 1765 law required colonists to pay a tax on printed materials?
Stamp Act
Who was the commander of the Continental Army?
George Washington
What was the first government of the United States called?
Articles of Confederation
Who was the first Secretary of State in Washington's cabinet?
Thomas Jefferson
What treaty ended the French and Indian War?
Treaty of Paris (1763)
What event in 1770 resulted in the deaths of five colonists by British troops?
Boston Massacre
What 1776 document officially declared U.S. independence?
Declaration of Independence
What 1786–87 rebellion showed the weakness of the Articles of Confederation?
Shays’ Rebellion
What law set up the federal court system in 1789?
Judiciary Act of 1789
What law banned colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains?
Proclamation of 1763
What 1773 protest involved dumping tea into Boston Harbor?
Boston Tea Party
What battle was the turning point of the war and led to a French alliance?
Battle of Saratoga
What was one major weakness of the Articles of Confederation?
No power to tax or enforce laws
What two political parties formed in the 1790s?
Federalists and Democratic-Republicans
What concept means the colonies exist to benefit the mother country?
Mercantilism
What were Britain’s punishments for the Boston Tea Party called?
Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts)
What treaty ended the American Revolution?
Treaty of Paris (1783)
What compromise settled the issue of representation in Congress?
The Great Compromise
What 1794 uprising challenged Washington’s authority and was quickly suppressed?
Whiskey Rebellion
What meeting in 1754 was an early attempt to unite the colonies?
Albany Plan of Union
What pamphlet by Thomas Paine encouraged independence?
Common Sense
What battle was the final major conflict of the war in 1781?
Battle of Yorktown
What were supporters of the Constitution called?
Federalists
What did Washington warn against in his Farewell Address? (Name one thing)
Political parties or foreign alliances
What was a major consequence of the French and Indian War for Britain?
Britain gained debt and increased colonial taxes
What meeting of colonial delegates first met in 1774 to respond to British policies?
First Continental Congress
What was the significance of foreign aid (especially from France) during the war?
It helped the U.S. win by providing supplies, troops, and naval support
What collection of essays defended the Constitution during ratification debates?
The Federalist Papers
What 1798 laws targeted immigrants and restricted free speech?
Alien and Sedition Acts