Manifest Destiny & Expansion
What phrase described the belief that the U.S. was destined to expand across the continent?
Manifest Destiny
What law allowed California to enter as a free state and created a tougher Fugitive Slave Act?
Compromise of 1850
What 1863 battle is considered the turning point of the Civil War?
Battle of Gettysburg
What amendment abolished slavery in the United States?
13th Amendment
What political party split in the 1860 election, helping Abraham Lincoln win the presidency?
The Democratic Party
What war, ending in 1848, gave the U.S. control of the Southwest?
Mexican-American War
What novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe increased Northern opposition to slavery?
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
What document issued by Lincoln freed slaves in Confederate states?
Emancipation Proclamation
What federal agency helped freedmen with food, jobs, and education after the war?
Freedmen’s Bureau
What act divided the South into military districts during Reconstruction?
Reconstruction Acts
What 1846 proposal tried to ban slavery in lands won from Mexico?
Wilmot Proviso
What act in 1854 allowed popular sovereignty in Kansas and Nebraska?
Kansas-Nebraska Act
What was the capital of the Confederacy?
Richmond, Virginia
What amendment granted citizenship to all persons born in the U.S.?
14th Amendment
Who became president after Lincoln’s assassination?
Andrew Johnson
What trail was used by settlers heading to the Pacific Northwest?
Oregon Trail
What political party was founded in the 1850s to oppose the expansion of slavery?
Republican Party
What strategy did the North use to blockade the South and split it along the Mississippi River?
Anaconda Plan
What amendment granted African American men the right to vote?
15th Amendment
What was the result of Andrew Johnson’s impeachment trial?
He was impeached but acquitted (not removed)
What treaty ended the Mexican-American War?
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
What violent event in Congress involved the beating of Charles Sumner?
Caning of Charles Sumner
What general led the Union army to victory and accepted Lee’s surrender at Appomattox?
Ulysses S. Grant
What laws passed in Southern states tried to restrict the rights of freed African Americans?
Black Codes
What system replaced slavery and kept many freedmen in poverty and dependence?
Sharecropping
What 1853 land purchase helped complete a southern transcontinental railroad route?
Gadsden Purchase
What 1857 Supreme Court decision ruled African Americans could not be citizens?
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Who was president of the Confederacy?
Jefferson Davis
What agreement ended Reconstruction in exchange for the presidency?
Compromise of 1877
What failed 1860–61 attempt tried to protect slavery in the Constitution to avoid war?
Crittenden Compromise