1491-1609
Primary agricultural resource for many native societies, and allowed for native civilizations to grow.
Maize/Corn
Dominant cash crop of the English colonies
Tobacco
War that established England as number one world power and began to gradually change attitudes of the colonists toward England for the worse.
French-Indian War (or seven years war)
Different parts of the country developing unique and separate cultures (as the North, South and West). This can lead to conflict.
Sectionalism
Law that provided 160 acres of public land to anyone who lived on and cultivated the land for five years.
Homestead Act
The greatest impact on the New World from its encounter with Europeans, and an example
Disease (smallpox, influenza, measles)
Religious revival that swept the colonies through the 1730-1740.
Great Awakening
The British Empire issued this decree, which was intended to prevent hostilities between Indians and Land-Hungry colonists
Proclamation of 1763
Matters over Federalists wanting the Constitution to be amended and secession to be voted upon, "ended" the federalist party
Hartford Convention
U.S. Navel Commander who played a key role in opening Japan to trade with the West.
Commodore Matthew Perry
Plantation-based agriculture in which the Native Americans were used as slaves, while the Spanish "tried to convert them".
Encomienda System
Migrants who, in exchange for transatlantic passage, bound themselves to a colonial employer for a term of service, typically between four and seven years.
Indentured Servants
(THREE) items that helped lead to the American Revolution:
1. taxed sugar and molasses
2. required colonists to house British Soldiers
3. first tax affecting all Americans and that served as direct attempt to raise money, required on all documents
What is the Sugar, Quartering, Stamp Acts
Case 1:
ruled that a state could not tax the federal bank, federal laws preside over state laws, deemed bank constitutional
Case 2:
Gave the Supreme Court the power of Judicial Review
McCulough vs Maryland
Marbury vs Madison
Their goals were based on an Anti-Catholic platform, hoping to limit the political influence of immigrants such as the Irish and Germans - claimed to be the "true" Americans
Nativists
Invented in the 1540's, allowed for the spread of knowledge and ideas throughout Europe.
Printing Press
After this event, Virginia sought to increase slavery as they felt slaves would be more docile than indentured servants
Bacon's Rebellion
stresses the importance of moral conduct and that while God created the universe, He is apart from it. Part of the Enlightenment
Deism
(Event/era) goods were increasingly made outside the home. Women and men began working in factories.
Market Revolution
Sight of federal arsenal in Virginia. Radical abolitionist John Brown hoped to capture the arsenal and start a slave rebellion in the South.
Harper's Ferry
Wrote about how cruly the Spanish were treating the Native Americans, and eventually his campaigning against this treatment lead to the New Laws of 1542.
Bartolome De Las Casas
(TWO terms)
1. Colonies that were controlled by individual people to whom the king granted charters, giving them ownership of the colony. Two examples are Maryland and Pennsylvania.
2. a period from 1607-1763 in which England did not strictly enforce Parliamentary laws, which allowed the colonies to flourish as almost independent states for many years.
1. Proprietary Colonies
2. Salutary Neglect
(THREE in one!)
1. The British recognized the independence of the United States. It granted boundaries, which stretched from the Mississippi on the west, to the Great Lakes on the north, and to Spanish Florida on the south.
2. selected George Washington as Commander in Chief and encouraged the colonies to set themselves up as states.
3. shifted ideas from "British Rights" to "Independence"
1. Treaty of Paris 1863
2. 2nd Continental Congress
3. T. Paine's Common Sense
Maine was a free state, Missouri was a slave state, everything above 36 30 latitude line would be free, everything below would be slave. This applied to ONLY the Louisiana Purchase. Later overturned by the Kansas-Nebraska Act
What was the Missouri Compromise
(THREE in one!) Reconstruction!
1. Federal agency established to aid former slaves in their transition to freedom, primarily through economic relief and education
2. deragotory terms used by the south against southerners against northern politicians and fellow southerners who had remained loyal to the union
3. Group that claimed to have returned the south to democratic order, removed blacks from office
1. Freedman's Bureau
2. Carpetbaggers and Scalawags
3. Redeemers