1890-1945 pt. 2 (Post-War Initiatives)
What was the name of Upton Sinclair's book that described the horrifying conditions in the meatpacking industry, leading to the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act
"The Jungle"
The split in the Republican party allowed which Democratic man to win the Election of 1912
Woodrow Wilson
What does MAIN stand for
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
What was the name of women who found their independence by wearing shorter dresses, bobbing their hair, smoking cigarettes and driving cars
Flappers
What organization was created after the end of WWII to keep world peace and improve upon the failure of the League of nations to prevent war
The United Nations
Which photojournalist devoted himself to exposing tenement life
Jacob Riis
Which president was largely blamed for the split in the Republican Party at this time
William Howard Taft
Attacks in the form of what became the US's final straw to enter WWI
Renewed Submarine Attacks
What was an unintended consequence of Prohibition
Rise of organized crime (ex: Al Capone)
What is the name of the strategy used in the war in the Pacific where the Allies would try and seize strategic locations in the ocean
Island-Hopping
Initiated in 1899 and 1900, which policy, suggested by Secretary of State John Hay, aimed to ensure equal trading rights for all nations in China, preventing any single power from dominating trade and respecting China's territorial integrity
The Open Door Policy
What was it called when President Theodore Roosevelt tried to negotiate equally and peacefully between strikers and businesses owners in regards to labor unions
The Square Deal
What was the name of the letter that contributed to the US's involvement in WWI; this was a letter from Germany to Mexico, proposing Mexico ally itself with Germany in return for recovering lost territories in the US
The Zimmerman Telegram
What is the name of the movement where New York City became famous for its concentration of Black artists
The Harlem Renaissance
What was the court case that upheld the US government's forcing of Japanese people into internment camps as they believed it was justified during wartime
Korematsu v. US
Which amendment required Cuba to agree to:
1. Never sign a treaty with a foreign power that impaired its independence
2. Permit the US to intervene in Cuba's affairs to preserve its independence and maintain law and order
3. Allow the US to maintain naval bases in Cuba, including one permanent base at Guantanamo Bay
The Platt Amendment
What was the controversy surrounding the Payne-Aldrich Tariff
Taft had promised to lower taxes, but then enforced a bill that raised them
In what way did the Russian Revolution contribute to the US's involvement in WWI
Wilson wanted the triumph of democracy, so he did not like that one of the Allies was Russia, as they were ruled by an autocratic czar. However, when Russian revolutionaries overthrew the czar and formed a republic, the barrier of moral diplomacy was removed
Who led the Back-to-Africa movement
Marcus Garvey
What were some key points discussed at the Yalta Conference between the US, UK and USSR just before the end of the war
1. Germany would be divided into occupation zones
2. Free elections in the liberated countries of Eastern Europe
What was the name of the series of Supreme Court cases were the Court ruled that the provisions of the US Constitution did not apply to whatever territories fell under US control, including the Philippines at the time, thereby pleasing the imperialists
The Insular Cases
What was the Pinchot-Ballinger Controversy
Pinchot, a loyal conservationist, criticized Ballinger for private development of land; Taft stood by Ballinger and fired Pinchot, much to the chagrin of the Progressivists
What Supreme Court case was directly related to the Espionage and Sedition Acts, as the man being tried was distributing pamphlets against the draft; the case ruled that free speech can be limited when it presents a "clear and present danger."
Schenck v. United States
Who were the two Italian immigrants who were convicted to death for robbery and murder, but truly it was due to the nativist hatred of poor Italians and self-proclaimed anarchists
Sacco and Vanvetti
Which battle, where US forces destroyed Japanese carriers and planes, which ended Japanese expansion, is considered a turning point in the war in the Pacific
The Battle of Midway