Jefferson and
Early Political Conflicts
Early Political Conflicts
What 1807 policy under Jefferson halted all foreign trade and deeply hurt American merchants?
The Embargo Act.
What early foreign conflict involved American sailors fighting North African states over piracy?
The Barbary Wars.
What industrial system employed young women in factory boarding houses in Massachusetts?
The Lowell System
What major voting change expanded democratic participation during the Jackson era?
Elimination of property requirements for white male voters.
What cultural art movement emphasized emotion, nature, and the individual?
Romanticism.
What land deal doubled the size of the United States and forced political debate over presidential power?
The Louisiana Purchase.
Which 1810 law reopened trade with France and Britain, but allowed the U.S. to punish whichever nation violated neutrality?
Macon’s Bill No. 2.
What transportation innovation in 1825 linked the Northeast to western markets and accelerated commerce? (hint: waterway)
The Erie Canal.
What event led to accusations of a “corrupt bargain” and contributed to growing political tensions?
The Election of 1824. (Adams + Clay deal)
What art movement or group focused on dramatic American landscapes and reflected nationalism?
The Hudson River School.
Which Supreme Court trend (1800–1830s) strengthened the power of the federal government over the states?
Supreme Court decisions asserting federal supremacy (e.g., McCulloch v. Maryland).
What war boosted American nationalism despite not resolving impressment or neutral shipping rights?
The War of 1812.
Name one technological innovation that increased production efficiency during the Market Revolution.
Possible answers: Interchangeable parts, telegraph, steel plow, mechanical reaper, steam engine.
What early 1830s conflict centered on a Southern state refusing to follow a federal tax law and challenging national authority?
The Nullification Crisis.
What philosophical movement led by Emerson emphasized self-reliance and individual truth?
Transcendentalism.
Which U.S. policy warned European powers not to interfere in the Western Hemisphere?
The Monroe Doctrine.
What group organized one of the first unions for women, protesting long hours and harsh mill conditions?
The Lowell Female Labor Reform Association.
What 1830 legislation gave the federal government power to relocate Indigenous nations to lands west of the Mississippi River?
The Indian Removal Act.
What were three major causes of the Second Great Awakening?
Rising democratic/individualistic beliefs, reaction against rationalism, market revolution changes, increased mobility.
What 1819 congressional proposal attempted to restrict slavery’s expansion and sparked a major sectional debate?
The Tallmadge Amendment.
What series of conflicts in Florida reflected U.S. attempts to expand territory and remove Native groups?
The Seminole Wars
What shift in gender roles idealized the home as a moral, private sphere separate from public economic life?
The “cult of domesticity”
Which Supreme Court case ruled in favor of Cherokee sovereignty—though Jackson ignored it?
Worcester v. Georgia.
Which influential preacher helped spark widespread revival meetings across the “Burned-Over District” and promoted the idea that individuals could choose salvation through their own efforts?
Charles Grandison Finney.