NB Pages 2-5
Which countries were involved in the New World?
First Spain and Portugal. England, Netherlands, and France came to the New World after Spain and Portugal.
What were some colonies that practices religious freedom and who were their leaders?
Massachusetts Bay 1628 - Leader: John Winthrope
Pennsylvania 1681 (Quakers) - Leader: William Penn
Maryland 1632 - Leader: Lord Baltimore
Who were the federalists and who were the anti-federalists? What is one thing they all agreed on?
Federalists - Alexander Hamilton & James Madison
Anti-Federalists - Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson, and Samuel Adams
All agreed on a separation of powers - Legislative, Executive, and Judicial branch
Which two parties made up the second party system? What were their ideals?
Democratic Party (Andrew Jackson) - Southern and against industrialization, largely agricultural
Whig Party (Henry Clay) - Northern, textile, supports tariffs and taxes
What parties made up the Republican Party after the Whig party disbanded? What were their ideals?
Know-Nothing Party - Said they literally know nothing, against anything non-American, hates Catholic and Chinese, cares about working rights and gov. spending
Free Soil Party - Want all new states that join America to be free of slavery
Northern Whigs - Stragglers after Whigs disbanded
Caste System-
1. Peninsulares - European-born
2. Criollos - Europeans, but American-born
3. Mestizos - European-Americans
4. Everyone Else
What were the types of government practices in the Virginia, Carolina, and Georgia colonies?
Virginia - House of Burgesses: Representative assembly of leaders and governors from England that taxed and established militia. Followed English Common Law.
Carolina - Lord Proprietors: Limited oligarchy of 8 people. Constitution limited the power the oligarchy held
Georgia - Board of Trustees: Governing body consisting of people appointed by King George II
What was the 1st party system?
1st party system was a political party system that started in 1792. Federalists vs Democratic-Republicans
Federalists - Wanted to settle smaller disputes between America and Britain
Democratic-Republicans - Did not want to settle smaller disputes between America and Britain
How did factories save money during the Market Revolution?
Interchangeable parts allowed for cheaper repairs to machines.
What were the concerns of the South before/during the Civil War?
The South thought the North wanted to abolish all slavery, but the North just wanted to contain it. The South also grew more concerned of abolitionism after the New Republicans won the election of 1860.
What were the motives to move to the New World?
What four tax & collection acts were passed to the colonies from 1764-1767?
Sugar Act (1764)
Stamp Act (1765)
Quartering Act (1765)
Townshend Act (1767)
What were the causes of American Indian revolutions?
Native Americans gained support from European countries and were told to fight back against America. US still wins.
Which groups immigrated to the US from the 1820s to the 1840s? Why did they move?
Irish - Potato Famine
Germans - Political Issues
Chinese - Escape Tai Ping Rebellions
What were the two sides in the Civil War and what were their circumstances?
Confederates: No support from Europe, and no more cotton for the North. More military training and schools
Union: North gets cotton from British colonies instead of the South, has support from Europe. More resources and people, and support from slaves.
What were the Beaver Wars? What was the cause?
War between Iroquois tribe (British allied) vs Algonquin tribe (French allied). Fought over land to hunt animals to trade their fur. Iroquois and British won.
What advantages did the colonists have in the Revolutionary War?
What were some ways George Washington tried to make peace with the Native Americans?
Six-Point Plan, Indian Trade Intercourse, and the trading of whiskey and weapons
What were at least 3 new denominations during the Second Great Awakening?
Possible Answers:
Methodist - West
Baptist - East
Shakers - Emphasis on wild and loose dancing, fail because they segregate men and women
Unitarians - Reject scripture, say Jesus was not divine, say Jesus was only a moral authority
Mormons - Reject Scripture, say Jesus is already back and in America
What was the impact of the Civil War for the South? What was the impact for the North?
The South loses everything. They have to resort to forcibly seizing supplies from people.
The North is thriving in every way. Giving out land to everyone who moves West in America.
What is one example of an Enlightenment thinker and what was their thought?
Possible Answers:
John Locke - Social Contract Theory: Government only exists and has power because of the people. Natural Rights: Life, liberty, and property are rights given at birth.
Voltaire - Believes in religious tolerance and getting rid of religious influence in the government
Why was the South against the abolition of slaves?
It directly affected them and their economy. The South relied on agriculture and cotton especially to make money. The Fugitive Slave Act of 1793 was passed to make sure that escaped slaves were returned to their owners if caught.
Which four events helped America grow?
Louisiana Purchase, Adams-Onis Treaty, Oregon Treaty, and Mexican-American War
What was the main focus of Romanticism and Transcendentalism in America?
Focus on feelings, morality based on intuition, inner truth, opposed rigid rationality, opposed logic. An era of good feelings.
How did the US keep African-Americans "equal"?
Plessy vs. Ferguson. A court case that made the segregation of African-Americans from everyone else legal because they were still "given the same rights".