CH 1
Land Bridge
- Used by native peoples during the Ice Age to get to the Americas
- Created by the Ice Age
- Between the two continents
Jamestown
- 1st english perminent settlement
- terrible soil
- almost failed
- saved by tobacco
- Powhattan confederacy
- Pocahontis
- John Smith
- John Ralph
Middle Passage
- middle leg in the slave trade
- 1st leg: Slaves to the coast of Africa
- 2nd leg: slaves to the Americas
- 3rd leg: coast of the Americas to plantations
- tight quarters in the boats
- many died due to disease, suicide, and lack of sanitation
Treaty of tordesillas
- treaty between spain and portugal
- split new world in half
How did the different European settlements (St. Augustine, New Orleans, Quebec, Santa Fe, Jamestown, Plymouth, New Amsterdam, etc.) differ in purpose, politics, economics, religion, culture, and geography?
- faith protestant v.s. cathlic
- english v.s. dutch v.s. french v.s. spanish
- location
- economy cash crops v.s. trade v.s. fur trade
- view on slavery
- cultural diversity
- reason for coming to the new world Gold, God, Glory
Monte Verde
- City of the Native Americans
- One of the earliest settlements in the Americans
- minimal historical record
- didn't meet europeans
Columbian Exchange
- The commerce between the americas, England, and Africa
- Africa: supplied slaves; gained weapons and finished European goods
- Americas: supplied raw goods; gained slaves and finished European goods
- England: supplied finished European goods; gained tobacco, money, raw materials, cash crops, pottato
King Philip's war
- 1676
- New England colonies v.s. Wampanoag confederacy
- Massachusetts, Rode Island, Connecticut
- colonial expansion
- execution of Metacom's men
- heavy casualties
- colonists win
Provincial colony and proprietary colony
Provincial
- run by the town
Proprietary
- crown gives land to best bud
Describe the diversity that existed in pre-Columbian America.
- location Missisipian v.s. pueblonian
- tribe inca v.s. aztec v.s. anasazi
- contact with europeans
- how they reacted to said contact
- hunter-gatherer v.s. trade
- religion
Cahokia
- city of the native Americans
- one of the biggest cites of Precolumbian America
- huge city of commerce
- Mississippian people
- mounds
St. Augustine
- 1st permanent european settlment
- Spanish
- Conquered lands resulted in diverse population
- in sunbelt
Bacon's rebelion
- poor whites, indentured servants, enslaved people v.s. wealthy/government
- Dispute over land and permission to kill/attack native people to acquire more land
- seen as the first anti-government ideals in the colonies
- unsuccessful
- created more restrictions on enslaved people
- created the dissolvent of indentured servatude
Charter colony
- people pay to come to the colony
- usually self-governed
Explain different patterns of resistance by Native Americans
- war v.s. treaties
- Anglo-Powhatan wars
- King Philips war
- Pequot war
- Pueblo Revolt
Ancestral Puebloan
- Anasazi
- people of the four corners region
- in sunbelt
- a grouping of many different people
- grouped by area
Puritans
- a religious group under the protistans
- valued individual relationship with God
- disliked church
- banded holidays
- Went to colonies to create a beacon of light
- what true Protestantism looks like
Paternal dominion
- where the man held all legal responsibility of the household
This included
- properties
- money
- enslaved people
- household servants
- wives and children
- animals and crops
Seven years' war
- war between Britain and France
- Forced France to give up a huge chunk of land in New France
- New France --> British North East
- Catholic v.s protestant
What does the term“borderlands” mean in the context of the early colonial period?
- Spanish ruled area
- sun belt
- conquered v.s unconquered
- south west
encomienda system
- a racial system
- used to justify slavery
- used to define white purity in the new colonies
- complex racial hierarchy
- became more complex as time went on
- one could gain legal "whiteness"
Quebec
- in canada
- originally french settlement
- became British settlement after conquest of new france by British forces during the 7 years' war
Navigation acts
- these acts forced the colonists to trade only with the mother country
- created heavy tax on English items
- made American goods more saught after so people didn't have to pay tax
The Great Awakening
- the time when the colonies experienced a religious revival
- a callback to their roots and why they came to the new world in the first place
How did labor evolve in different colonies in British North America?
- indentured servitude
- slavery
- Africans
- native americans
- chattel slavery
- Task labor
-swampyer areas
- left slaves alone and checked to see if work was done
- Plantation
- watched over slaves 24/7
- whipped
- long hours
- many people