British Colonies
This was the first representative assembly in the English colonies (1619).
House of Burgesses
Labor system in which workers exchanged several years of labor for passage to America.
Indentured servitude
Region characterized by subsistence farming, town life, and maritime trade.
New England
Religious movement in the 1730s–1740s emphasizing personal conversion.
Great Awakening
Economic theory that colonies should provide raw materials to the mother country.
Mercantilism
Colony founded by James Oglethorpe as a buffer and social experiment.
Georgia
1676 rebellion that exposed tensions between frontier farmers and Virginia elites.
Bacon’s Rebellion
Region that relied on plantation agriculture and export crops like tobacco.
Southern colonies
College founded in 1636 to train Puritan ministers.
Harvard College
Laws that required colonial trade to be conducted on English ships.
Navigation Acts
Colony founded by William Penn promoting Quaker ideals and tolerance.
Pennsylvania
System of hereditary, race-based slavery that developed in the colonies.
Chattel slavery
Region known for grain production and ethnic diversity.
Middle Colonies
Evangelical preacher who helped spread the Great Awakening across the colonies.
George Whitefield
British policy of loosely enforcing trade laws before 1763.
Salutary neglect
Joint-stock company that established Jamestown in 1607.
Virginia Company
Colonial laws that defined enslaved people as property and restricted their rights.
Slave codes
The climate and soil of the South most directly encouraged this economic system.
Plantation agriculture
1692 event reflecting social tensions and religious extremism in Massachusetts.
Salem Witch Trials
Trade system linking Africa, the Americas, and Europe in the exchange of goods and enslaved people.
Triangular Trade
Explain why representative assemblies like the House of Burgesses developed in the colonies.
Distance from Britain → need for local self-government
Explain why planters increasingly shifted to African slavery after 1676.
Bacon’s Rebellion + desire for more stable, controllable labor
Explain how economic differences between regions contributed to distinct colonial societies.
Different labor systems and economies shaped social structures
Explain one way the Great Awakening contributed to colonial unity.
Shared religious experience / challenged authority
Explain how salutary neglect contributed to later colonial resistance.
Colonists grew accustomed to self-rule and resisted control