Colonial Regions
Most early English migrants to the Chesapeake Bay were from which group?
Indentured servants.
What labor system required a person to work for a set number of years in exchange for transportation to the colonies?
Indentured Servitude.
What religious group established communities in seventeenth-century New England to practice their faith and reform the Church of England?
Puritans.
Which 1680 conflict successfully expelled Europeans from the upper Rio Grande region for nearly a decade?
The Pueblo Revolt.
What historical thinking skill asks you to explain how one event or development led to another?
Causation.
Which colony was founded by William Penn and was characterized by religious tolerance and no established church?
Pennsylvania.
By the late 1600s, slavery became increasingly institutionalized partly because of the decline of what labor source?
Indentured labor.
What was one major goal of the Puritans who migrated to New England?
To create a society based on their religious beliefs and reform the Church of England.
According to John Smith’s account, what did Virginia colonists obtain from American Indians during a food shortage?
Food, including corn, bread, beans, and wheat.
What historical thinking skill asks you to explain how two developments were similar or different?
Comparison.
Identify the colonial region where tobacco cultivation and plantation agriculture contributed to the growth of slavery.
The Chesapeake colonies, especially Virginia and Maryland.
What 1739 event in South Carolina was a major example of resistance by enslaved people?
The Stono Rebellion.
What term describes the blending of different cultural or religious traditions?
Syncretism.
What economic activity encouraged cooperation between French colonists and many Native American communities in the Great Lakes and interior regions?
The fur trade.
A map of Jamestown shows a fort surrounded by defensive barriers. What does this visual detail suggest about English colonists’ concerns?
The colonists were concerned about potential conflict with Native Americans.
Explain how the geography of the New England colonies contributed to the development of a different economy from that of the southern colonies.
New England’s rocky soil and shorter growing season limited large-scale cash-crop agriculture, encouraging commerce, fishing, shipbuilding, and small farming.
Explain how the growth of cash-crop agriculture contributed to the expansion of slavery in British North America.
Cash crops such as tobacco, rice, and sugar required large amounts of labor. Plantation owners increasingly relied on enslaved Africans to meet these labor demands and maintain production.
Explain ONE way religion shaped the development of colonial society in New England.
Puritan religious beliefs influenced government, education, community life, and laws. For example, colonies often expected residents to follow Puritan religious standards.
Explain how French colonization differed from English colonization in its relationships with Native Americans.
French colonization often relied on trade alliances and cooperation with Native American communities, while English colonization more frequently involved permanent settlement, land competition, and conflict.
A historian argues that slavery was a “negotiated relationship” that changed over time. Which type of primary source would best support this argument?
Records of purchases and sales of enslaved people from a plantation, because they provide evidence of the changing relationships and power structures within slavery.
A student claims that all British colonies developed the same economy because they were controlled by England. Use two specific geographic or environmental differences to challenge the claim.
New England’s rocky soil encouraged smaller farms and maritime industries, while the Chesapeake’s climate and fertile land supported tobacco plantations. The middle colonies’ fertile soil and longer growing season supported grain production and diverse agriculture.
The number of Black inhabitants increased dramatically in the Chesapeake, Carolinas, and West Indies between 1660 and 1710. What larger Atlantic development best explains this trend?
The expansion of the transatlantic trade of enslaved Africans.
A historian argues that religion was an important factor in English colonization. Provide ONE specific example of how religious beliefs influenced where or why English colonists settled.
Puritans settled in New England to establish communities where they could practice their religious beliefs and reform the Church of England.
A historian argues that French and Native American goals were sometimes complementary because French settlement posed less of a demographic threat. Identify ONE piece of evidence that could support this argument.
Intermarriage between French colonists and American Indians, which could strengthen trade relationships and cultural connections.
Explain ONE way the Atlantic economy contributed to the development of British colonial society from 1607–1754.
The Atlantic economy connected the colonies to European markets and encouraged the production of cash crops. This increased demand for labor and contributed to the expansion of slavery and plantation agriculture.