European Colonization
This was the first permanent English settlement in North America, founded in 1607.
What is Jamestown?
This region relied heavily on tobacco cultivation and plantation agriculture.
What is the Southern Colonies (or Chesapeake)?
This trade network connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
What is triangular trade?
This 1622 conflict involved Powhatan peoples attacking English settlers in Virginia.
What is the Powhatan War (or 1622 uprising)?
This colony became the first to legally define slavery as lifelong and hereditary.
What is Virginia?
This colony was founded as a refuge for English Catholics under Lord Baltimore.
What is Maryland?
This region emphasized shipbuilding, commerce, and small-scale farming due to rocky soil.
What is New England?
This economic system emphasized accumulating wealth through trade and colonies.
What is mercantilism?
This war in New England (1675–1676) resulted in devastating losses for Native Americans.
What is King Philip’s War?
This 1739 rebellion was the largest slave uprising in the colonial period.
What is the Stono Rebellion?
This joint-stock company financed early English colonization efforts like Jamestown.
What is the Virginia Company?
This region was the most diverse, known for religious tolerance and fertile land.
What are the Middle Colonies?
These laws restricted colonial trade to benefit England.
What are the Navigation Acts?
This practice involved trading goods like guns and metal tools between Europeans and Native Americans.
What is the fur trade (or trade alliances)?
This system replaced indentured servitude as the dominant labor force in the South.
What is chattel slavery?
This document established a form of self-government for the Plymouth Colony.
What is the Mayflower Compact?
This colony was founded by William Penn as a “holy experiment” promoting Quaker ideals.
What is Pennsylvania?
This route transported enslaved Africans to the Americas under brutal conditions.
What is the Middle Passage?
This was a major long-term impact of European settlement on Native populations.
What is population decline due to disease?
This movement emphasized emotional religious expression and challenged established churches.
What is the First Great Awakening?
This policy of “salutary neglect” meant Britain did this regarding colonial enforcement of laws.
What is loosely enforcing colonial regulations?
This labor system was more common in the Chesapeake before slavery became dominant.
What is indentured servitude?
This port city became a major center of trade, especially in the New England colonies.
What is Boston?
This alliance system often forced Native Americans to take sides in European imperial conflicts.
What is competing European powers forming Native alliances?
This social structure in the colonies was generally more flexible than in Europe because of this factor.
What is greater economic opportunity (or availability of land)?