French and Indian War & Philosophical Foundations
What colonial slogan protested taxation without representation in Parliament?
“No taxation without representation”
What 1765 tax required colonists to pay on all printed paper goods?
Stamp Act
What document, written by Jefferson in 1776, declared colonial independence from Britain?
Declaration of Independence
What was America’s first written plan of government, ratified in 1781?
Articles of Confederation
In his 1796 Farewell Address, Washington warned against two dangers: political parties and what type of foreign policy?
political factions and permanent foreign alliances (advised to stay neutral)
What British law prohibited colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains?
Proclamation of 1763
What 1773 protest involved colonists destroying British tea in Boston Harbor?
Boston Tea Party
What 1783 treaty officially ended the Revolutionary War, recognizing American independence?
Treaty of Paris (1783)
What 1787 event exposed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
Shays’ Rebellion
Who was the first Secretary of the Treasury, creator of the national bank plan?
Alexander Hamilton
Which Enlightenment thinker’s ideas of natural rights influenced Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence?
John Locke
What 1770 event in Boston led to the deaths of five colonists and fueled anti-British sentiment?
Boston Massacre
What 1777 American victory convinced France to ally with the United States?
Battle of Saratoga
What compromise combined the Virginia and New Jersey Plans, creating a bicameral legislature?
Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise)
What 1794 protest against federal excise taxes showed Washington’s willingness to enforce federal law?
Whiskey Rebellion
This 1763 agreement ended the French and Indian War.
Treaty of Paris
What organization, founded by Samuel Adams, led boycotts and intimidation of tax collectors?
Sons of Liberty
What were the first battles of the American Revolution in April 1775?
Lexington and Concord
What compromise counted enslaved people as part of the population for representation and taxation?
Three-Fifths Compromise
What 1794 treaty with Britain was highly unpopular but avoided war? (Britain evacuate forts - America pay pre-war debts)
Jay's Treaty
What was the first intercolonial congress organized in 1765 to oppose the Stamp Act?
Stamp Act Congress
What series of laws, passed in 1774, punished Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party?
Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts)
Where did Washington’s army endure a harsh winter in 1777–1778, emerging more disciplined?
Valley Forge
What collection of essays written by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay supported ratification of the Constitution?
The Federalist Papers
What 1798 laws passed under John Adams restricted speech and immigration, angering Democratic-Republicans?
Alien and Sedition Acts