Period 1
A New World crop that significantly impacted European diets after the Columbian Exchange.
Corn (maize), potatoes, tomatoes, etc.
Act passed by the British Parliament in 1765 imposed direct taxes on the American colonies
The Stamp Act.
Original capital of the United States
Philadelphia, Penn.
Price for Louisiana Purchase
$15 Million
Primary economic issue that divided the North and South and contributed to the outbreak of the Civil War?=
The issue of slavery and its expansion into new territories.
Legal system by which the Spanish crown attempted to define the status of the indigenous population
Encomienda System
Primary author of the pamphlet "Common Sense," which advocated for American independence from Britain
Thomas Paine.
Series of essays, written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay, which advocated for the adoption of the Constitution
The Federalist Papers.
Ideology that promoted the belief that it was America's destiny to expand its territory across the North American continent
Manifest Destiny.
Civil War battle, fought from July 1 to July 3, 1863, that is often considered the turning point of the war
The Battle of Gettysburg.
The 4 main colonial powers in the Americas
Britain, France, Spain, and the Dutch.
The date that the Declaration of Independence was officially adopted by the Continental Congress
July 4, 1776.
First Secretary of the Treasury and architect of the financial system during Washington's presidency
Alexander Hamilton.
Trail, stretching approximately 2,000 miles from Missouri to Oregon, that was a major route for settlers moving westward in the mid-19th century
The Oregon Trail.
Document, issued by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, declared all slaves in Confederate-held territory to be free
The Emancipation Proclamation.
Ancient Native American civilization that built impressive stone cities like Machu Picchu and had a sophisticated road system
The Inca civilization.
The Treaty of Paris of 1783 granted the United States...
Recognition of American independence and territorial rights extending to the Mississippi River.
Event that doubled the size of the United States in 1803
The Louisiana Purchase.
The belief that God told them they should expand out west.
What was Manifest Destiny?
Approximately this many people died during the civil war
600,000
Phrase used to describe the main motives of explorers during the Age of Exploration
"God, Glory, Gold"
Name of the first constitution that was signed by the newly formed government created by the United States
The Articles of Confederation
Landmark Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review, allowing the Court to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional
Marbury v. Madison.
Architect of the American System
Henry Clay
Name of the period following the Civil War during which the federal government attempted to rebuild the South and integrate former slaves into society
Reconstruction.