Unit 1 (1491-1607)
The massive transfer of plants, animals, culture, people (including enslaved Africans), diseases, technology, and ideas between the Americas (New World) and the Old World (Europe, Africa, Asia)
What is the Columbian Exchange?
This was a European intellectual movement of the late 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition
What is the Enlightenment?
Created a policy for administering the Northwest Territories. It included a path to statehood and forbade the expansion of slavery into the territories
What is the Northwest Ordinance?
Acquisition of Louisiana territory from France. The purchase more than doubled the territory of the United States, opening vast tracts for settlement
Louisiana Purchase
What is the greatest treaty in the world?
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
The leading cause of death during the Columbian Exchange was
a powerful Protestant religious revival that swept the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, emphasizing personal faith, emotional spiritual experiences, and direct connection with God
What is the First Great Awakening?
Nine-year war between the British and the French in North America. It resulted in the expulsion of the French from the North American mainland and helped spark the Seven Years’ War in Europe
What is Seven Years' War/French Indian War?
Literary and intellectual movement that emphasized individualism and self-reliance, predicated upon a belief that each person possesses an “innerlight” that can point the way to truth and direct contact with God
What is transcendentalism?
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s widely read novel that dramatized the horrors of slav ery. It heightened Northern support for abolition and escalated the sectional conflict
What is Uncle Tom's Cabin?
The system where the Spanish crown granted Spanish explorers or conquistadors indigenous people to take care of or own
What is encomienda?
This was a religious reform movement that emerged in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, aiming to purify the Church of England
What is Puritanism?
Thomas Paine’s pamphlet urging the colonies to declare in de pen dence and establish a republican government. The widely-read pamphlet helped convince colonists to support the Revolution.
What is Common Sense?
Forced march of 15,000 Cherokee Indians from their Georgia and Alabama homes to Indian Territory. Some 4,000 Cherokee died on the arduous journe
What is Trail of Tears?
Derogatory term for pro-Union Southerners whom Southern Democrats accused of plundering the resources of the South in collusion with Republican governments after the Civil Wa
What is scalawags?
This was a Spanish Dominican friar who spoke out against the harsh treatment of forced labor systems
Who is Bartolome de Las Casas?
This was the first democratically-elected legislative body in the British American colonies, established in Virginia in 1619.
What is the House of Burgesses?
A 1754 proposal by Benjamin Franklin to create a unified government for the thirteen British North American colonies, to manage common defense, trade, and Native American relations.
What is Albany Congress/Plan of Union?
He was an enslaved preacher; believed he was called by God; revolt killed ~55 whites; retaliation killed 200+ African Americans
Who is Nat Turner?
Acquired additional land from Mexico for $10 million to facilitate the construction of a southern transcontinental railroad
What is the Gadsden Purchase?
This was a 1494 agreement between Spain and Portugal that divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe
What is the Treaty of Tordesillas?
This term refers to a vision of a society that is a model of excellence and virtue, often associated with John Winthrop's sermon in 1630 where he described the Puritan settlement in New England.
What is "City on a Hill?
This type of constitutional interpretation refers to a broad reading of the text -- used to justify large governmental power.
What is loose constructionism?
Noteworthy for its unprecedentedly high duties on imports. Southerners vehemently opposed the Tariff, arguing that it hurt Southern farmers, who did not enjoy the protection of tariffs, but were forced to pay higher prices for manufactures.
What is the Tariff of Abominations/1828?
Petition requiring law enforcement officers to present detained individuals before the court to inform the accused of their charges. Protects individuals from arbitrary state action. Suspended by Lincoln during the Civil War.
What is habeas corpus?