KNOW
Who wrote city of God? What was being argued?
Augustine, who defended Christianity against critics who claimed Rome in AD 410
hajj
pilgrimage to Mecca
What is considered the founding year of Islam?
622
what is the first-year of the muslim calender?
622
What did Mohammad do with the Kabba?
He destroyed the Arab icons in Kaaba, the temple that he believed Abraham had built to worship God. He rededicated the Kaaba to Allah and it became the most holy place in Islam
Bedouin
nomadic herders
What was the Kaaba originally used for?
It housed statues of pagon gods and goddeses
Which angel does the book say spoke to Muhammad?
Gabriel
what was the original name of Medina?
Yathrib
What do muslims believe moses, abraham and jesus have in common with Muhammad?
Muslims believe that God had sent the other prophets, including Abraham, Moses, and Jesus but that Muhammad was the last and greatest prophet
Muhammad
an arab man whom muslims honored as the prophet of Islam
Why did the merchants of Mecca like the Kaaba?
All weapons had to be laid down near the temple making Mecca a safe and peaceful place to do buisness
How did Muhammad's wife react to his story?
Khadija encouraged him to accept the call
What does Medina mean?
city of prophet
How did the Muslims spread the usage of Arabic across the regions they conquered?
Muslims believe that the Quaran is the direct unchanging word of God and that it meaning and poetic beauty resides in Arabic, so all Muslims are expected to learn the Quaran and require prayers in Arabic
Quran
contains the sacred word of God as revealed to Muhammad
What was Muhammad's job before he became a prophet?
a shepard and a merchant
Why did Muhammads followers flee Mecca in 615?
Muhammads rejection of traditional arab gods angered Meccas merchants, who feared the neglect of their gods would disrupt the pilgrim trade
Why did the war start between Mecca and Medina?
As Muhammads reputation grey, thousdants of Arabs adopted Islam. Meanwhile, Meccan leaders grey more hostile towards Muslims, seizing Muslim property. After Muslims attacked several Meccan caravans, the Mecans prepared for war
What are the five pillars of Islam?
1 - make a declaration of faith - "there is no god but God, Muhammad is the messenger of God"
2 - Pray 5 times daily, and after a ritual washing Muslims must face the holy city of Mecca to play
3 - give charity to the poor
4 - fast from sunrise to sunset during the holy month of Ramadan, the month in which Muslims believe Muhammad received his first revelation from God
5 - to make the hajj, or pilgrimage to Mecca if able
Mosque
house of worship also called masjids
How old was he when he became a prophet?
40
What is the story of the hijara?
hijra was the journey from Mecca to Yathrib, later renamed Medina, as Muhammad was faced with he threat of murder
After winning battles with the Meccans Muhammad triumphantly returned to Mecca
How were Christians and Jews treated in early Muslim societies?
they often faced burdensome taxes and restriction and were to a limited degree able to practice their religions