This dynasty in China expanded the civil service exam and Confucian bureaucracy.
the Song dynasty
These desert animals made long-distance trade across the Sahara possible.
camels
This ruler of Mali made a famous hajj to Mecca in 1324.
Mansa Musa
This branch of Islam spread faith through personal devotion and missionaries.
Sufism
This crop caused population growth in China because it was drought-resistant.
Champa rice
This crop from Vietnam increased China’s population due to multiple harvests per year
Champa rice
These seasonal winds helped merchants sail across the Indian Ocean.
monsoon winds
This Mongol leader created the largest land empire in history.
Genghis Khan
This blend of Arabic, Persian, and Hindi developed in South Asia.
Urdu
This fruit was introduced to the Mediterranean through trade.
citrus fruits
This labor system of the Inca required conquered people to perform state service.
mita system
These roadside inns supported merchants and caravans on the Silk Roads.
caravanserai
This ruler founded Mali and established its wealth through trade alliances.
Sundiata
This African coastal language mixed Bantu with Arabic.
Swahili
This disease devastated Eurasia in the 14th century.
Black Death (bubonic plague)
This African kingdom grew rich from gold and controlled trade routes before Mali.
Ghana
This Chinese admiral led voyages across the Indian Ocean during the Ming dynasty.
Zheng He
This Mongol dynasty ruled China after defeating the Song.
Yuan dynasty
This building in Delhi combines Islamic architecture with Hindu materials.
Qutub Minar
This climate shift (1300–1800) lowered global temperatures and hurt agriculture.
Little Ice Age
Compare the Aztec tribute system with the Incan mita system.
Both used labor/resources from conquered peoples to support the empire.
Explain one similarity between the Silk Roads and the Indian Ocean trade networks.
Both spread luxury goods, religions, and technologies across Afro-Eurasia
What was one major effect of Mongol rule on trade and communication?
The Pax Mongolica increased safety and expanded exchange across Eurasia.
Explain one way religion spread differently along the Silk Roads and Indian Ocean.
Silk Roads spread Buddhism; Indian Ocean spread Islam via merchants and Sufis
Explain one economic effect of the Black Death in Europe
Labor shortages allowed peasants to demand higher wages and weakened feudalism.