Europe/Russia
What invention allowed Russian tsar, Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible) to expand the Russian Empire east?
Gunpowder
Muslim state (1526-1857) exercising dominion over most of India in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. This was a Muslim minority ruling over a Hindu majority.
Mughal Empire
The Ming dynasty collected taxes through what form of currency
"hard currency" such as silver coins
beautiful mausoleum (tomb) at Agra (India) built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan (completed in 1649) in memory of his favorite wife; illustrates syncretic blend between Indian and Arabic architectural styles
Taj Mahal
German monk that challenged the corruption of the Catholic Church and stated that salvation was possible through faith alone
Martin Luther
a political system in which one ruler or leader has complete power and authority over a country, commonly seen as Europe centralized states after the decline of feudalism
Absolutism or Absolute Monarchy
an elite Ottoman guard (trained as foot soldiers or administrators) recruited from the Christian population through the devshirme system, that often converted to Islam; utilized gunpowder weapons
Janissary
Northeast Asian peoples who defeated the Ming Dynasty and established the Qing Dynasty
Manchus
Palace constructed by Louis XIV outside of Paris to glorify his rule and subdue the nobility.
Versailles
Religious reform movement begun by Catholic monk Martin Luther who began to question the practices of the Latin Christian Church beginning in 1519.
Protestant Reformation
the idea that monarchs are God's representatives on earth and are therefore answerable only to God
Divine Right
To generate money for territorial expansion Ottoman rulers used this tax-collection system. Under this system the government hires private individuals to go out and collect taxes for them where they would pay a lump sum to the Ottomans and keep the surplus.
Tax Farming
Class of elite warriors in feudal Japan who pledged loyalty to a noble (daimyo) in return for land; eventually earned a salary and performed bureaucratic roles under the Shogun leading to a more unified & stable Japan
Capital of the Ottoman Empire; named this after 1453 and the sack of Constantinople. A place where the Ottomans showed cultural continuities through the arts, architecture, and learning centers.
Name the 2 main abuses of the Catholic Church during this time period
Selling indulgences (paying money for sins to be forgiven) and simony (selling church office positions)
absolute king of France from 1643 to 1715; his long reign was marked by the expansion of French influence in Europe. Known as the "Sun King".
Louis XIV
The system by which boys from Christian communities were taken by the Ottoman state to serve in the elite military units. Hint: It means "collection" in turkish.
Devirshme
The Qing dynasty distributed these across the empire to legitimize their rule through art
Imperial Portraits
Most illustrious sultan of the Mughal Empire in India (r. 1556-1605). He expanded the empire and was religiously tolerant of Muslims and Hindus in the region.
Akbar
The Safavid dynasty ruled Persia under this sect of Islam, causing conflict with the bordering Ottomans
Shi'a
Tsar of Russia who introduced ideas from western Europe and created various government reforms to consolidate power such as officials receiving a salary and creation of a counsel to advise government officials when he was away
Peter I or Peter the Great
paid government officials that collected tribute (taxes) for the emperor of the Mughal empire
Zamindars
was a semi-feudal government of Japan in which shogun Ieyasu reorganized the government so that daimyos had less control and salaried samurais carried out administrative roles to centralize control for the Shogun; helped create a unified and stable Japan
Tokugawa Shogunate
powerful ruler of the Ottoman Empire during the 16th Century; the empire's expansion peaked under this ruler and he ordered many mosques, forts, and other buildings to be constructed in the cities under his control
Suleiman I or Suleiman the Magnificent
This religion was formed in the Mughal Empire blending two religions, Hinduism and Islam
Sikhism