Innovations/Technology
Where was the magnetic compass developed? (Country)
Pepper
What is the Columbian Exchange?
The transfer of new diseases, food, plants, people, and animals across the Atlantic ocean, between the East and West (Old World and New World)
What were the three main reasons for the establishment of Maritime-Empires? (Hint: G.G.G)
Gold, God, and Glory
What is one example of a Joint-Stock company in c. 1450 - 1750?
What did the astrolabe determine based on stars?
Latitude and Longitude
What Portuguese voyager sailed around Africa into Calicut, and discovered that the Indian-Ocean trade value was higher than that of the trade around Africa?
Vasco da Gama
What are 3 examples of food/plant exports from the Old World to the New World?
True or False: Once Portugal was established into the trading network around Africa, they used violence in order to maintain their control.
True
"Indentured (Contract) Servitude" required the signee to work for around how many years before their freedom?
7 years
What was the fluyt (ship) specifically designed for?
Trade
The fluyt could carry larger amounts of cargo, was cheaper to make, and had smaller crews, making it ideal for trade.
In 1492, when Spanish voyager Christopher Columbus accidently reached the Carribean Islands in the Americas, where was he originally intending to go?
The Spice Islands
Malaria was a disease transferred to the New World through what animal?
Mosquitos
The Dutch used similar methods of establishment to what other state?
Portugal
What were the two new labor systems established by the Spanish during this time period?
The Hacienda System and the Encomienda System
What shape was the lateen sail, and why was this significant?
Triangular. This was significant as it meant it could take wind from all directions, not just the back.
What other state's empire de-throned Portugal as the "Kings of the Indian Ocean Trade?"
Because they had no natural predators, as they had never been in this area (the Americas) before.
Merchants from the Mughal Empire that continued to use trade networks regardless of European domination were known as what?
Gujaratis
In the Americas, Spanish used the old Inca mit'a system for what kind of large-scale operations?
Which 3 boat-related innovations did Europe develop themselves, rather than adopt. (Hint: NOT the lateen sail, as that was an adopted piece of technology)
1. Caravel (Portugal)
2. Carrack (Portugal)
3. Fluyt (Dutch)
Following their fur trade in North America, what colony did France establish here?
Quebec
What were the foot/plant imports (potatoes, maize, manioc, etc.) to Europe in the Columbian Exchange primarily used as?
Cash Crops
The European domination of trade networks led to the "Asian Resistance" of the Ming Dynasty, and what other region?
Mercantilism