Imperial Powers
This empire colonized India and established the British Raj.
What is the British Empire?
This system forced natives to work on infrastructure and plantations in European colonies.
What is coerced labor (or corvée labor)?
This 1857 uprising in India was a major resistance to British rule.
What is the Sepoy Rebellion (Indian Revolt of 1857)?
This group migrated in large numbers to the Americas to work on sugar plantations after slavery was abolished.
Who are indentured laborers (especially Indians or Chinese)?
Western nations believed it was their duty to "civilize" non-Western peoples, an idea known as this.
What is the White Man’s Burden?
This 1884–85 conference divided Africa among European powers.
What is the Berlin Conference?
Cash crops like rubber and palm oil were grown primarily for this purpose.
What is export or profit for imperial powers?
The Mahdist War took place in this African country against Anglo-Egyptian rule.
What is Sudan?
These laws were passed in the U.S. to limit immigration from China.
What are the Chinese Exclusion Acts?
This practice emphasized adoption of Western customs by colonized peoples.
What is assimilation?
This East Asian country began its own imperial expansion in the late 1800s, including the annexation of Korea.
What is Japan?
The British opium trade led to wars with this Asian empire.
What is China?
This Zulu king resisted British and Boer expansion in Southern Africa.
Who is Shaka Zulu?
People often left their homelands due to push factors like famine or these types of changes.
What are environmental or economic changes?
Missionaries often provided these two services to native populations.
What are education and healthcare?
This Southeast Asian country was unique in avoiding colonization by European powers.
What is Thailand (Siam)?
This economic policy emphasized resource extraction for the benefit of the colonizer.
What is mercantilism (or economic imperialism)?
Samori Touré led a long resistance against the French in this region.
What is West Africa?
This movement describes large migrations caused by the need for cheap labor in colonies.
What is global labor migration?
The use of European languages and educational systems in colonies often led to this cultural phenomenon.
What is cultural syncretism or cultural imperialism?
This imperial power controlled the Congo Free State under the personal rule of its monarch, leading to millions of deaths through forced labor and brutal exploitation.
What is Belgium (under King Leopold II)?
In Southeast Asia, this cash crop, essential for the global industrial economy, was extensively harvested in Dutch and British colonies, often through the use of forced or indentured labor.
What is rubber?
This spiritual and military resistance in modern-day Algeria lasted over a decade against French colonization and was led by an Islamic scholar named Emir Abd al-Qadir.
What is the Algerian resistance against the French (led by Abd al-Qadir)?
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, many Chinese migrants traveled to this Latin American country, where they built railroads, worked on plantations, and faced significant racial discrimination.
What is Peru?
This 19th-century European concept argued that certain races were more "fit" to rule than others and used pseudo-scientific reasoning to justify imperial expansion.
What is Social Darwinism?