Rivers
Indus River
Quite violent and fast-moving until it reaches the plain, quite fertile and lush
Describe Tarxien temple
Located in Malta
Female structures or statues
Signify fertility and importance to procreate
Both the Doric and Ionic orders have these two basic components...
Capital and Shaft
Imhotep
Architect
God of Building
God of medicine
Architect of stepped pyramid
Caves in France
Lascaux (first example of a human adaptation of one's surrounding)
Chauvet (Depict horses)
Cosquer (Bordering on water)
SIMP...ATHETIC MAGIC
Two important rivers in Mesopotamia
Tigris and Euphrates
Great Temple of Aten, Amarna
Series of spaces
Relatively flat plain
Open-air (no roof) = Closer connection to the Sun God
Pylon gates
These are the "steps" of both orders... start with s
Who is the architect of the Al Qurn?
Senemut...a commoner and had a love affair
Altamira
Wandering aspect to it, not built by human hands, caves are found spaces, the human alteration are the paintings on the wall
Eridu and Ur
Eridu port city on marshland even though it looks as if its on desert, shifting sands and river courses, one of the oldest cities, cities are built over ruins of previous settlements, practical also spiritual, homes of the ancestors, probably consisted of mud houses with temple at center, enki temple
Enki was associated with water,
Ur, main building, ziggurat, building things over time over the ruins of things, religious center with walls around it with moat, houses surrounding use thick stone walls for thermal mass, temple at center is imposing and give a sense of humility, residential quarter, focus on courtyards and open streets, not rigidly orthogonal but loosely based on it
Abydos Temple of Seti
Resemblance to the temple of Hatshepsut
Number of buildings arranged in clusters, relationship to river and mountain nearby
The ionic order has a special capital what is it called...
Volute
Mnesicles is the architect of...
Propylaea
T-shaped elements, free-standing stone pieces, stand in clustered formation, circular formation adds protection, protected from all around
Gobeklli tepe
Ashur
First capital, fell to Babylon, another empire that grew during this period
Hammurabi, the sixth king of the dynasty of Babylon, he was famous for codifying the law and putting it in writing
Temple of Hathor, Dendera
Hybrid of pylon gate
Hathor's Face at the top of columns
Metope and Triglyph belong to what order?
Extra Temple:
Temple of Hera, Selinunte
Not a lot of technology to help make it very sophisticated
clunky in proportion, columns not straight
Triangular pediment: Metopes & Triglyphs
Where is Skara brae located?
Britain
Babylon
City is built right along a water source, ceremonial center built within a wall on other side of water source
Moat around city and a palace at north end of city
Ishtar Gate- highly pigmented with blue, main gateway into city of Babylon
Brick is essential material in the city, there is a stylization in bricks, ie sort of imprinted animals in walls
The Great Temple of Abu Simbel (Ramsees II Temple)
4 colossal statues of rams in a larger temple
Shows Ramsees' wives in lower reliefs, down at his feet
Which is the order that hasn't been mentioned?
Corinthian
Temple of Hatshepsut
The connection between human construction and landscape
The landscape is majestic
Very powerful merging of Man-made construction and natural landscape
Define Prehistoric Architecture
Prehistoric, no clear evidence, knowledge is based on interpretations