Vocabulary
what is this equipment called?
Fire extinguisher
They said, "The sun is shining so brightly."
They said that the sun was shining so brightly.
Which one is reported?
A. She said, "It will be a sunny day."
B. She said it would be a sunny day.
sentence B
Report the following speech with the correct reporting verb!
"I'll pay you back tomorrow," he said. (Context: He borrowed some money from a friend)
He promised to pay me back the next day.
What are 2 words that are usually required (with either words appearances, never both) with reported YES/NO questions?
if and whether
I once ____ hot soup all over the table and ____ my mom's new tablecloth.
I once spilled hot soup all over the table and ruined my mom's new tablecloth.
Report this:
The teacher asked me if I had finished my homework.
The teacher asked, "Did you finish / have you finished your homework?"
The reported form of "yesterday"
the day before or the previous day
Report the following speech with the correct reporting verb:
"You should try yoga," she said.
She recommended that I try yoga.
Report this speech:
"Back when dinosaurs existed, there used to be volcanoes that were erupting on the moon," said Daniel.
Daniel said that back when dinosaurs existed, there used to be volcanoes that were erupting on the moon.
Name 2 types of accident
Car accident, slip and fall, workplace accident, bicycle accident, fire accident
(direct) must --> reported ...
had to
Name 3 exceptions of backshifting...
Facts, likes and dislikes, commands and requests
Report the following speech with the correct reporting verb:
"I'm sorry I broke your phone," she said.
She apologized for breaking my phone.
"Can I have some chocolate?"
It has two reported speech formats because of lacking context. Explain both.
Asking someone to get them some chocolate (I asked for some chocolate).
Asking permission to eat some chocolate (I asked if I could eat some chocolate).
what is the 2-word term for an event or situation that could have resulted in injury, damage or loss but did not do so?
near miss
The direct for:
Peter asked if he could bring his book to school.
"Can I bring my book to school?"
What is backshifting?
one step backward
changing present tense into past tense
Report the following speech with the correct reporting verb:
"I didn't steal the wallet," he said. (Context: he was accused of stealing the wallet)
He denied stealing the wallet.
What is the direct speech of the following?
He said (that) he didn’t know what had happened, but he thought she had been crying.
"I don't know what happened, but I think she was crying," he said.
prognosis
Report the following speech:
"Leave the room and don’t come back!" the manager shouted (at me).
The manager shouted at me to leave the room and not come back.
Give 5 changes from reporting the following direct speech!
Helen said, "I think I'm going to submit this paper tomorrow."
- pronouns
- time signals
- grammar tenses
- punctuation ("")
- determiner (this)
Report the following speech with the correct reporting verb:
"Okay, I ate the last cookie," he said. (context: he was accused of eating the cookie)
He admitted (that) he had eaten the last cookie.
Report the following speech:
"If I were you, I wouldn’t say that," he told me.
He told me (that) if he were me (impossible - Condi 2), he wouldn’t have said that (past-future - Condi 3).