The Peloponnesian War was a 27 year conflict fought in the 5th century by these two Greek powers
Athens and Sparta (Recommended Reading: History of the Peloponnesian War)
The largest continent on planet Earth
Asia
The smallest unit of matter
Atom
This country is credited with the invention of fireworks, gunpowder, and paper
China
The value of pie to the hundredths
(extra 50 points for each place named after)
3.1415926535
The Taiping Rebellion was fought in China from 1850 to 1864 and led by Hong Xiuquan, a man who claimed to be the younger brother of this Abrahamic prophet/messiah
Jesus Christ (Recommended reading: Autumn in the Heavenly Kingdom)
The capital city of Australia
Canberra
The process by which animals imitate the sounds or appearance of another for protection
mimicry
The name of Charles Darwin's famous vessel
HMS Beagles
The mathematical term for an object with eight sides
Octagon
The Franklin Expedition led by Captain John Franklin ended in disaster while searching for this fabled passage
The Northwest Passage (Recommended Reading: Erebus: The Story of a Ship)
This country is known as the "Land of Ice and Fire" due to the prevalance of volcanic activity and snowy conditions
Iceland
The process by which a caterpillar becomes a butterfly
Metamorphosis
This city served as the capital of the Incan Empire
Cusco, Peru
The longest side of a right triangle
Hypotenuse
The ancient cities of "Herculaneum" is named after this Greek Hero
Herculaneum is named after Hercules, who traveled to the area and defeated a group of giants living there. His subsequent parade was known as a "Pomp" which is where Pompeii got its name (Recommended Reading: Pax)
The smallest ocean on Earth
Arctic ocean
The hardest natural substance on Earth
Diamond (or ET3 Tavonatti)
The total number of years in Abraham Lincoln's "four score and seven years ago"
87 years
The mathematical term for a number which can only be divided by itself and 1
prime number
The Polish word for dumpling
pierogi
The world's largest volcano
Mauna Loa, Hawaii
The process of changing directly from a solid to gas
Sublimation
The famous native American chief who led the Lakota Sioux at the end of the 19th century
Sitting Bull
Add 5/6 and 2/3