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Assessment of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour
Assessment of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour
Changing Physical Activity Behaviour: Social-Ecological Model
Changing Physical Activity Behaviour: Social-Ecological Model
Promoting Physical Activity
100
According to the National Physical Activity Guidelines how many minutes of physical activity per day do 5 to 12 year olds need?
At least 60 minutes (and up to several hours) of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity everyday
100
Define Metabolic Equivalent (MET)?
Concept expressing the energy cost of physical activity for example 3 METs means three times the amount of energy expended at rest
100
Provide an example of an individual approach?
One of these answers: - Counselling - Education - Self-help
100
What is the social ecological model?
One of the following: - Is a tool for health and physical activity interventions - Recognises the interplay between individual, social, physical and policy factors - Uses an environmental approach to physical activity intervention
100
Define individual interventions?
An approach to improving levels of physical activity based on individual determinants or factors
200
Identify two advantages and two disadvantages of diaries and logs.
Two of the following advantages: - Can capture quantitative and qualitative information - Can be administered quickly and easily - Cost effective for large scale studies - Usually low burden on participants - Have the potential to predict energy expenditure from daily physical activities when compared to the compendium of physical activities Two of the following disadvantages: - Not suitable for assessing children under age 10 or very old adults, due to cognitive limitations - Reliability and validity problems associated with social desirability bias, memory limitations or misinterpretation - Interviewer may be needed to obtain accurate data
200
Identify and describe the method most suitable to assess population physical activity and sedentary behaviour?
Recall survey, seven days or longer A seven-day recall survey is most easily administered to population groups, and is valid and reliable when conducted over seven days
200
What factors are environmental approaches based on? Provide examples.
An understanding of the demographic factors that affect physical activity for example, age, gender, socioeconomic status, marital status
200
How do individual approaches work?
By modifying the though and behaviour process of the person
200
What type of organisation is the National Heart Foundation and why does it promote Heartmoves?
Non-government organisation To improve the heart health of Australians; reduce disability and death from heart and blood vessel disease; promote behaviour beneficial to heart and blood vessel health
300
State three reasons to assess physical activity?
Three of these answers: - Identify concerns - Identify at-risk groups - Identify trends - Monitor levels of physical activity - Plan appropriate physical activity interventions - Evaluate interventions
300
List the 7 dimensions of physical activity?
The seven dimensions of physical activity are: - Duration - Intensity - Frequency - Context - Energy Expenditure - Expense
300
Identify three factors from the policy level of influence
Three of these answers: - Workplace legislation to protect the health of the employees - Urban planning policies - Active transport policies - Education mandates - Physical activity recommendations - Workplace procedures - School rules
300
Identify three factors from the physical environment level of influence
Three of these answers: - Health-related efforts of organisations for their staff and clients - Access and availability to facilities and spaces - The perceived beauty and safety of the surroundings - The natural environmental factors such as geographic location, climate and weather - The built environmental factors such as housing density, land use, public transport and destinations.
300
Provide three examples of a population-based imitative for at-risk populations:
Three of these answers: - Active participation grants program - Multilingual park notes - Multicultural sports network - Access for all abilities - Sports development grants - Outdoor recreation experiences for people with disabilities
400
What is each guideline set out in the National Physical Activity Guidelines for adults. Guideline 1 Guideline 2 Guideline 3 Guideline 4
Guideline 1: Think of movement as an opportunity, not an inconvenience Guideline 2: Be active every day in as many ways as possible Guideline 3: Put together at least 30 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity on most, preferably all, days Guideline 4: If possible, also enjoy some regular, vigorous activity for extra health and fitness
400
Outline 4 purposes of a monitoring and surveillance of physical activity at the population-level.
What is- Document the frequency and distribution of physical activity in defined population groups - Monitor the achievement of physical activity guidelines and population trends - Study the relationship between physical activity and health conditions (eg. Cardiovascular risk factors, Type 2 diabetes, Obesity, Cancer and mental health) - Determine the amount or dose of physical activity required to influence specific health parameters - Identify the biological, psychosocial and environmental factors that influence physical activity - Evaluate the effectiveness of large-scale physical activity intervention programs
400
Identify four important considerations when planning a physical activity intervention?
Four of these answers: - Who the intervention is aimed at - Why the intervention needs to occur - Where the intervention will occur - How the intervention will be implemented - What is required to proceed
400
What are four strengths of an environmental approach?
Four strengths of an environmental approach: - Consider all the factors that can impact on a person’s physical activity - Address the social environment across a variety of settings and influences - Address the perceived and actual physical environment - Bring about action on social and physical environmental factors over which the intervention program has control.
400
Name two initiatives from VicHealth. Identify the target group for these initiatives.
Two of these answers: Promoting active and safe travel to school School children Creating healthy and welcoming environments All populations Community Sport & Active Recreation People with disabilities and those from low socioeconomic backgrounds, Indigenous and new arrival communities Funding research All populations Creating publications and fact sheets All populations Developing ways to increase participation All populations
500
Explain whether pedometry could be used to determine if an adult was meeting the National physical activity guidelines.
Pedometry could not be used to determine if an individual is meeting the national physical activity guidelines because they cannot assess frequency, intensity, duration or type of activity.
500
Provide three similarities and three differences between accelerometry and observation.
Similarities: - Both objective tools of assessing physical activity - Both accurately measure frequency, intensity and duration - Both offer high validity and reliability - Both record in real time - Both high in cost Differences: - Accelerometers are not appropriate for all types of activities - Observation requires extensive training - Observation can cause reactivity - Complexity to administer
500
Describe how the social and physical environment affect physical activity. Provide specific examples.
Social environment can affect physical activity or health behaviours, for example, by having a partner or spouse to be physically active with as opposed to being widowed or single. Physical environment can affect physical activity, for example, by having footpath maintenance or lack of footpaths near your home restricting access to walking
500
Evaluate the National Physical Activity Guidelines agaisnt the social ecological model.
The level of influence Evaluation Individual: The individual level is partially addressed through providing guidelines, recommendations and information specific to age Social: The social environment level is not addressed. While the social environment is referred to (such as saying that physical activity is a good social outlet and good for social development of youth) it is not tackled in the intervention Physical: The physical level is not addressed Policy: The policy level is addressed through the recommendations for physical activity and screen time
500
Provide an example of a population-based initiative for children and youth. Briefly explain.
Two of these answers: - Victorian Essential Learning Standards - Ride2School - Active After-schools Communities - Walking School Bus - TravelSmart Schools - Fresh Kids - Eat Smart Play Smart - Bluearth program - Jump Rope for Heart Briefly Explain