Biology
Proteins that bind specific DNA sequences to regulate transcription are collectively known as these.
What are transcription factors?
These ligands donate a pair of electrons to a central metal in coordination complexes.
What are Lewis bases?
This structure consists of vertices connected by edges, possibly weighted, modeling relations or networks.
What is a graph?
Pavlov’s experiments with dogs helped define this type of associative learning.
What is classical conditioning?
When quantity demanded equals quantity supplied, the market is said to be at this point.
What is equilibrium?
A species with a disproportionately large ecological impact—often maintaining ecosystem structure—is referred to by this term.
What is a keystone species?
In kinetics, this order is characterized by a reaction rate independent of reactant concentration.
What is zero-order kinetics?
Problems that can be solved by deterministic algorithms in polynomial time belong to this complexity class.
What is P?
This type of memory allows you to briefly hold information like a phone number for just a few seconds.
What is short-term memory?
When a good’s price rises and total revenue also rises, demand for the good is said to be this.
What is inelastic?
According to the endosymbiotic theory, these organelles evolved from engulfed alpha-proteobacteria.
What are mitochondria?
This phenomenon, observed in conjugated molecules, results in delocalized π‑electrons across adjacent aligned p‑orbitals.
What is resonance?
In quantum computing, these basic elements perform unitary operations on qubits, analogous to classical logic gates.
What are quantum gates?
According to Piaget, children in this stage begin to use logic but struggle with abstract ideas.
What is the concrete operational stage?
When the government spends more than it collects in taxes, it runs this kind of balance.
What is a budget deficit?
This gradient, established during embryogenesis, determines positional information and cell fate.
What is a morphogen gradient?
This principle states that the position of an equilibrium will shift to counteract a change in conditions (temperature, pressure, or concentration).
What is Le Chatelier’s Principle?
This self-balancing binary search tree maintains a height difference of at most one between the left and right subtrees of every node.
What is an AVL tree?
This anxiety disorder is characterized by intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors aimed at reducing distress.
What is obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
The minimum wage is an example of this type of price control.
What is a price floor?
CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing uses this RNA sequence to locate the DNA region to be cut.
What is guide RNA (gRNA)?
This spectroscopy method uses nuclear spins in a magnetic field to probe molecular structures.
What is nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)?
The class of languages that can be recognized by a deterministic finite automaton is known by this name.
What are regular languages?
This famous experiment by Milgram showed people are surprisingly likely to obey authority, even to the point of harming others.
What is the obedience study?
This is the name for a tax imposed on imported goods.
What is a tariff?