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Phases
Nursing
Interventions
Causes
Labs
Hemodialysis
100
This phase begins with the initial insult to the renal system.
What is initiation?
100
A client is admitted to with ARF. Which of the following is not necessary to complete. a) Elevate the HOB b) Take VS c) Establish an IV site d) Call the admitting physician for orders e) Contact the hemodialysis unit
What is contact the hemodialysis unit?
100
The causes in this category of ARF occur due to decreased perfusion of the kidney.
What is prerenal?
100
The client's blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration is elevated in ACR. The likely cause of this finding is _____.
What is reduce renal blood flow?
100
This serves as an artificial kidney and is a synthetic semipermeable membrane used to replace the kidney.
What is a dialyzer?
200
In the oliguric phase of ARF, the nurse should assess for this. a) Pulmonary edema b) Metabolic alkalosis c) Hypotension d) Hypokalemia
What is pulmonary edema?
200
The two easiest way to assess fluid balance in a patient with ARF are _________ and ________.
What are I&Os and daily weights ?
200
This category of causes are created from an injury to the glomeruli or kidney tubules.
What is intrarenal?
200
A client with ARF has an increase in serum potassium level. The nurse should monitor the client for ______.
What is cardiac arrest or cardiac arrhythmias?
200
Toxins and wastes are removed from the blood by this concept where they move from higher concentrations in the blood to lower concentrations in the dialysate.
What is diffusion?
300
This phase is marked by the gradual increase in urine output.
What is the diuresis phase?
300
A high carbohydrate, low protein diet is prescribed for the client with ARF. This is the intended outcome of this diet.
What is prevent accumulation of toxic wastes caused by protein metabolism?
300
The most common type of intrinsic ARF is ........
What is acute tubular necrosis?
300
The lab value that indicated the severity of decreased renal function is __________?
What is glomarular filtration rate (GFR)?
300
Excess water is removed from the blood by this concept, which is the movement of water from an area of low concentration potential to an area of high concentration potential.
What is osmosis?
400
During the diuresis phase you should assess for this symptom.
What is dehydration?
400
The client with ARF asks the nurse for a snack. Because the patient's potassium is elevated, which of the following snacks is most appropriate? a) A gelatin dessert b) Yogurt c) An orange d) Raisins
What is a gelatin dessert? This has the least potassium.
400
Post renal cause of ARF occurs because....
What is an increase in pressure in the kidney tubules?
400
Which of the following are not improved by a dialysis treatment? a) Elevated creatinine b) Hyperkalemia c) Decreased hemoglobin d) Hypernatremia
What is decreased hemoglobin?
400
In an ARF receiving dialysis for the first time an immediate access for dialysis would be: a) A vascular device in the subclavian b) An A-V fistula c) An A-V graft
What is a vascular device in the subclavian?
500
This phase is signaled by the improvement of renal function and can last 3-12 months.
What is recovery?
500
Preventing ________ will decrease the patients metabolic rate and catabolism therefore preventing many complication of ARF.
What is infection?
500
All of the the causes of ARF ultimately decrease the _________ of the kidney.
What is GFR?
500
The client's serum potassium level is elevated in ARF, and the nurse administers sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate). This drug helps to ___________ by _________.
What is decrease potassium levels by exchanging sodium for potassium ions in the colon?
500
The movement of water that is more efficient than osmosis created by applying a negative force to the dialysis membrane.
What is ultrafiltration?