Structure
This is the first paragraph of your essay
The counterclaim is placed here.
Body paragraph 1/reason 1
All introductions need to start with this.
Hook
Body paragraph 1 contains these two important parts.
Counterclaim and reason 1
It is very important to do this at the end of direct or paraphrased evidence.
Parenthetical citation/MLA citation
For each body paragraph, the topic sentence needs to include this piece of important information.
The one reason that you will be writing about.
This is the part of the paragraph where the counterclaim is placed in.
Beginning/before the evidence to support the reason
There are several different ways to hook the reader. These are at least two.
Question, connecting description, statistic, onomatopoeia, paint a picture for your reader
Once you provide evidence for your counterclaim, and a smooth transition back to your side, you need to do this.
Refute-shut down the counterclaim with your evidence and reasoning
When introducing evidence, these two ideas need to be included.
Sentence starters-According to...The article states, ...
Background information on the source
The conclusion paragraph requires these two components.
Your claim/thesis and calling the reader to action.
It is important to not only acknowledge the opposing side, but to provide this, too.
Evidence that supports the opposing side.
When writing about a topic, it is very important to include this to help the reader understand what is happening.
Background information on the topic/argument
When you are switching between the opposing side and your side, it is necessary to include these.
Transitional phrases that signal a change in ideas. "However, " "Some may say," "On the other hand, "
Your evidence always needs to do this.
Prove the reason is correct/valid
Your body paragraphs follow this particular order.
The reasons in the same order as they are listed in the thesis statement.
In my refute, it is important that I provide this with my evidence.
Reasoning/explanation
This should be the last sentence of your introduction.
Thesis statement
You need this in order to successfully refute.
When introducing a new source or a survey/study, the writer should include this to help the reader. It can be done in these two ways.
Background information/extra details on the writer or study.
A sentence before or after the evidence OR a break in the middle of the sentence with commas (appositive)
These three ideas make up your thesis statement.
Counterclaim, claim, and 2-3 reasons
When choosing which reason to acknowledge a counterclaim for, I can consider this.
1. The opposing evidence has to connect to that specific reason.
*This help with the refute because it successfully shuts down the counterclaim by using that reason's evidence and reasoning.
What is your goal when you are writing your hook?
Appeal to the audience's emotions
This is a strong way to end the paragraph
1. Call the reader to action
2. Firmly demand a change
This is one phrase that has been eliminated from our analysis/reasoning vocabulary.
Name two better examples.
"This shows"
“Because…”
“It seems that…”
“While it seems that…”
“The most important takeaway…”
“It is possible for people to think…”
“If…then…”
“As a result of…”
“Due to…”
“From this information, it can be understood that…”