Argumentation
_____________ is the use of critical thinking to advocate a position, examine competing ideas, and influence others
A. Competitive Argumentation
B. Claim
C. Argumentation
D. Critical Thinking
c. argumentation
What type of fallacy is an attack on somebody's character?
Ad Hominem
On the Toulmin model of Argument, A_________ states the conclusion of an argument. It is the position you advocate- a statement you wish others to believe.
A. Warrant
B. Backing
C. Claim
D. qualifier
C. Claim
- Claim: states the conclusion of an argument. It is the position you advocate- a statement you wish others to believe.
MP: If Joe eats Chik-fil-A, then Joe cannot eat Popeye's.
mP: Joe eats Chik-fil-A.
Conclusion: Therefore, Joe does not eat Popeye's.
Valid
MLA stands for
Modern Language Association
Competitive Argumentation is ______________
A. An adversarial approach to argumentation in which the goal is to win rather than work with others in search of a reasonable resolution.
B. The process of reasoned and ethical interaction that helps members reach the best conclusion or make the best decision in a given situation.
C. an argument suggesting that something will or will not happen
D. an argument advocating a specific course of action
A. An adversarial approach to argumentation in which the goal is to win rather than work with others in search of a reasonable resolution.
- Competitive Argumentation: An adversarial approach to argumentation in which the goal is to win rather than work with others in search of a reasonable resolution.
What fallacy type occurs when we misrepresent an argument to make it easier to respond to?
Straw Man
On the Toulmin Model of Argument, A warrant is_________________.
A. The conclusion of an argument
B. Explains and justifies how the evidence supports a particular claim
C. The degree to which the claim appears to be true
D. Includes the facts, statistics, opinions, examples, or other materials that support a claim
B. Explains and justifies how the evidence supports a particular claim
- Warrant: Explains and justifies how the evidence supports a particular claim
MP: No administrators at CSULA enjoy parking at CSULA.
mP: I am not an administrator at CSULA.
Conclusion: Therefore, I enjoy parking at CSULA.
Invalid
Plural of phenomenon
phenomena
Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of argumentation
A. Promotes critical thinking
B. Increases Groupthink
C. Promotes understanding
D. Values Minority Opinions
B. Increases Groupthink
- Benefits of argumentation: Promotes understanding, Promotes critical thinking, Decreases risk of groupthink, Improves group decision making, values minority opinions
- Argumentation decreases groupthink
What fallacy type refers to the act of creating a set of two exclusive options when there may be more possible options - "You're either for us or against us"?
False Dichotomy
On The Toulmin Model, which of the following states the degree to which the claim appears to be true?
A. Qualifier
B. Backing
C. Warrant
D. Evidence
A. Qualifier
- Qualifier: States the degree to which the claim appears to be true
MP: Either we buy a Prius or we buy a Lexus.
mP: We did not buy a Lexus.
Conclusion: We will buy a Prius.
Valid!
An -ing form of a verb used as a noun, such as running, skiing, or laughing.
gerund
Which of the following is NOT one of the Four Ethical Responsibilities in Argumentation?
A. Social Code Responsibility
B. Common Goal Responsibility
C. Research Responsibility
D. Reasoning Responsibility
B. Common Goal Responsibility
- The four ethical responsibilities in argumnetation: social code, common good, research, reasoning
What type of fallacy occurs when we leave out steps in our conditional syllogisms - if we do x, then we'll slide toward an unrelated y?
Slippery Slope
What are the four criteria to consider when using internet source?
A. Authority, Accuracy, Objectivity, Statistics
B. Authority, Accuracy, Objectivity, Currency
C. Accuracy, Objectivity, Claim, Evidence
D. Currency, Authority, Statistics, Documentation
B. Authority, Accuracy, Objectivity, Currency
MP: All cats have three legs.
mP: Felix is a cat.
Conclusion: Therefore, Felix has three legs.
Valid! Untrue, but logically valid!
The noun (or pronoun) that a pronoun refers to.
antecedent
______________ is the capacity to recognize your own and others' feelings and to manage emotions effectively
A. Hasty Generalization
B. Emotional Intelligence
C. Cultural differences in argumentation
D. Gender differences in argumentation
B. Emotial Intellegence
-Emotional Intellegence: the capacity to recognize your own and others' feelings and to manage emotions effectively
What type of fallacy can occur both when our reason/warrant is identical to our claim, or when we argue that something is correct because of the absence of evidence proving otherwise?
Begging the Question
Which of the following is NOT one of the four categories of claims for argument?
A. Claim of conjecture
B. Claim of fact
C. Claim of Knowledge
D. Claim of Policy
C. Claim of Knowledge
- Four categories of claims for argument: Claim of fact, Claim of conjecture, Claim of value, Claim of policy.
MP: If we go to Chik-fil-A, then we will go to Popeye's afterward to wash the taste out of our mouth.
mP: We are not going to Chik-fil-A.
Conclusion: Then we will not go to Popeye's afterward to wash the taste out of our mouth.
Invalid!
Affect is a ____. Effect is a ____.
verb, noun.