Rhetorical Appeals
Drawing from credibility
What is Ethos?
Only providing 2 choices
What is False Dilemma?
Appealing to one’s reason
What is Logos?
Exaggeratedly charged diction
What is Loaded Language?
What does your thesis & topic sentences need to include?
1. Who renders a more effective arg.
2. Author's claim
3. How they argue (what argumentation devices they use)
At a meeting about new standards in education, the featured speaker is a college professor, who argues for the new standards.
What is Ethos? Explain.
Misrepresenting the other side
What is Straw Man?
Mr. Dubosse is known for hitting the target with 96% accuracy, so I want him on my team for paintball.
What is Ethos?
Ends justify the means
Zo1: Name arg. device and explain how evidence demonstrates x.
Zo2: Explain implications; how does use of this LF/RA weaken/strengthen the author's argument?
After doing one headstand, Ms. Cruz’s father was concerned she’d quit school and join the circus.
What is Slippery Slope?
It is warmer this year in Las Vegas as compared to last year; therefore, global warming is rapidly accelerating
What is Generalization?
A politician argues for a new domestic spending program by stating facts and figures about the current level of spending, the current economy, and how this program is projected to improve the economy.
What is Logos?
Despite the sign saying “Stay off the cliff,” Ms. Theis figured it was worth it to go one step further so she could see the sea lions.
What is Consequentialism?
Analyze: (extended time)
"hundreds and thousands of Muslims coming into the country and not assimilating" (Post Hoc)
Zoom out 1: How is this Post-Hoc?
Zoom out 2: What are the implications?
Starnes succumbs to post hoc reasoning when he assumes that simple immigration of those who practice Islam is to blame for resulting in terrorist attacks. His cause and effect explanation is flawed.
Starnes comes off as biased/Islamophobic without any evidence to prove this connection. We know that acts of terror can be caused by many other types of people.
What RA is this? Explain.
I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations. Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells. And some of you have come from areas where your quest -- quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality. You have been the veterans of creative suffering. Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive. Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed
What is Pathos?
The teacher gives too many A’s and therefore must be fired because grade inflation is unfair to other students
What is False Dilemma?
Explain the difference and similarities between logos and ethos.
Logos - stats & facts
Ethos - relevant/famous people
Both - gain audience trust
In order to really look at the problem of global warming, we must first consider how the homeless suffer when it is cold
What is Red Herring?
What should you include after you provide evidence?