Ethos, Pathos, Logos
What are the three types of rhetorical devices?
What are Ethos, Pathos, and Logos
To inform or explain a topic using facts and details.
What is Informational text
What is a claim in an argumentative text?
What is a statement that expresses the author's position on an issue.
Define counterargument.
What is a statement that presents an opposing viewpoint.
What is the main purpose of an argumentative text?
What is to persuade the reader to accept or consider a claim.
Identify the type of rhetorical device.
"Imagine a lonely dog, abandoned in a cold shelter, with no one to love or care for them. We must act to prevent this suffering by supporting adoption."
Pathos
How does an argumentative text differ from an informational text?
What is an argumentative text presents a claim and tries to persuade the reader, while an informational text provides only facts.
What type of evidence relies on numbers, percentages, or data?
What is Logos or Logic
Why is addressing a counterargument important in an argumentative essay?
What is it strengthens the argument by showing that the author has considered other viewpoints.
What is an intended audience?
What is the specific group of people a piece of writing, speech, or message is designed for
Identify the type of rhetorical device.
"As a leading expert in child development, I can confidently say that screen time before age two can have detrimental effects on cognitive development."
What is Ethos
Which of the following is an example of an argumentative text?
A) A textbook chapter explaining the water cycle
B) A news report about a recent election
C) An editorial on why school days should be shorter
What is C, because it takes a stance and tries to persuade the reader.
Identify the claim in this passage:
"Many people believe video games are harmful, but research shows they can improve problem-solving skills and reaction time."
What is "Research shows video games can improve problem-solving skills and reaction time."
A response that refutes or disproves a counterargument.
What is a rebuttal
By using strong, relevant evidence and addressing counterarguments an author can make their argument...
What is Stronger.
Identify the type of rhetorical device.
“80% of students have committed some form of plagiarism.”
Logos
What key element does an argumentative text always include that an informational text does not?
What is a claim.
Which of the following is the strongest type of evidence?
A) A personal story about how a new diet worked for one person
B) A study from a medical journal with data on diet effectiveness
C) A quote from a celebrity who tried the diet
What is B, because studies from credible sources provide strong, factual evidence.
Which is a stronger rebuttal?
A) “That’s not true.”
B) “While some believe school lunches are unhealthy, the district has improved meal options by adding fresh fruits and vegetables.”
What is B, because it provides evidence to refute the counterargument.
If an article only presents one side of an argument, is it a strong or weak argument? Why?
What is weak, because it ignores opposing viewpoints.
Identify the type of rhetorical device.
"According to a recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, regular exercise can significantly reduce the risk of heart disease."
What is Ethos
You are reading an article about whether junk food should be banned in schools. What is one clue that the text is argumentative rather than informational?
What is the text takes a clear position on the issue and supports it with reasoning and evidence, rather than just presenting only facts.
What is the difference between a claim and a thesis statement in an argumentative text?
What is a claim is a statement that expresses the author’s position, while a thesis statement presents the claim along with the main supporting reasons.
Create a counterargument for the following claim.
"Cell phones should be banned in school because they are a distraction."
Cell phones should not be banned in school because *student reason*.
or Cell phones should be allowed to be used in school because of *student reason*.
Read the following statement and determine if it is fact or opinion:
"Lowering the voting age to 16 would create a more engaged and responsible society."
What is an opinion, because it cannot be proven as an absolute truth.