Core Argumentative Terms
What is the main idea or central argument of an essay?
Claim or Thesis Statement
What is a statement that can be proven true?
Fact
What appeal uses facts, data, and reasoning to convince an audience?
Logical Appeal (Logos)
What are words that help organize thoughts and connect ideas?
Transition Words
What is a sentence at the beginning of an essay that grabs the reader’s attention?
Hook
What is the act of convincing someone to accept a belief or take action?
Persuasion
What is a numerical fact that supports an argument?
Statistic
What appeal uses feelings or emotions to persuade?
Emotional Appeal (Pathos)
What is acknowledging a valid point from the opposing argument?
Concession
What is the final paragraph that summarizes the argument and reinforces the main idea?
Conclusion
What is a structured discussion where opposing arguments are presented?
Debate
What is a statement from someone with authority on the topic?
Expert Opinion
What appeal uses credibility or trustworthiness to support a claim?
Ethical Appeal (Ethos)
What does it mean to disprove an argument?
Refute
What is a statement in the conclusion that encourages the reader to take action?
Call to Action
What is the position or side taken on an issue?
Stance
What is a short personal story used as an example?
Anecdote
What is a preference or unfair viewpoint that can affect an argument?
Bias
What is adding details and explanation to strengthen an argument?
Elaboration
What is the main sentence in an argument that guides the direction of the essay?
Thesis Statement
What is the reasoning or explanation behind a claim?
Justification
What is a specific case that illustrates a point?
Example
What is the trustworthiness of a source called?
Credibility
What is recognizing an opposing argument while maintaining your position?
Counterclaim
What part of an essay addresses opposing viewpoints?
Counterclaim and Rebuttal