Toxicology and Exposure (Anticipation and Recognition)
What is a major organ Aroclor 1260 affects within the body?
The Liver
What is one method used by NIOSH to test for PCBs in the workplace?
Air sampling using sorbent tubes analyzed by gas chromatography.
What is one example of an engineering control that can help reduce PCB exposure?
Local exhaust ventilation (LEV) or proper enclosure of PCB-containing equipment.
What are some common health effects occurring after long-term exposure?
Chronic liver damage, neurological effects, endocrine disruption, and even skin conditions (such as chloracne).
How can blood samples help show a worker’s long-term PCB exposure?
PCBs bioaccumulate in blood lipids, so measuring serum PCB concentrations reflects cumulative, long-term exposure.
What is one work practice that can help prevent PCB contamination from spreading?
Proper decontamination and handwashing before leaving the work area, or prohibiting food/drink in PCB areas.
Why do PCBs stay in the body for such a long time?
Because they are highly chlorinated and "lipophilic", meaning they accumulate in fatty tissue and have extremely slow metabolic clearance.
Which organization has the lowest recommended exposure limit for PCBs?
NIOSH.
(RESPIRATOR-BASED guidance + REL of 0.001 mg/m³ for a 10-hr TWA.)
What kinds of gloves or protective clothing (PPE) should be used when working around Aroclor?
Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene, butyl rubber), disposable coveralls, rubber boots, goggles, and a half-mask respirators with organic vapor/particulate cartridges (if airborne levels are problematic).
A transformer box containing Aroclor 1260 oil is leaking inside a maintenance shop. What steps should be taken to keep workers safe and control the spill?
Hint: Remember the hierarchy of controls; What happens first any time there is a hazardous chemical spill in the workplace?; What PPE is needed?;
1. Evacuate and isolate the area; stop unprotected workers from entering.
2. Shut down ignition sources and ventilate the space.
3. Put on appropriate PPE (chemical-resistant gloves, disposable suits, boots, respirator with OV/HEPA cartridges).
4. Contain the spill using absorbent pads, dikes, or barriers.
5. Clean up using PCB-approved absorbents and place waste in labeled, sealed hazardous-waste containers.
6. Decontaminate tools and surfaces, following EPA PCB cleanup rules (40 CFR 761).
7. Report the leak as required and arrange proper disposal through certified PCB waste handlers.