Joint
This joint type is unique to other joints as it is permits free movement and has a joint cavity between bones
Synovial joint, diarthrodial joint
Multiaxillar joint that permits, flexion/extension/IR/ER/circumduction
Ball and socket
Disorder at the jaw due to poor movement patterns from muscle spasms, poor articulating disc, or arthritis
TMJ disorder
Demonstrate protraction
Jaw forwards, shoulders forward
Give an example of a fibrous joint
Syndesmosis between tib fib, gomphosis tooth in socket,
Sutures (coronal, saggital, lamdoid, squamous)
interosseous membrane accepted according to book
The atlantoaxial joint is what type of synovial joint?
Pivot. Distal and proximal radioulnar joints are also examples
What is adhesive capsulitis?
Adhesive capsulitis: also known as “frozen shoulder”. Etiology is unclear, not many changes seen on imaging. It appears like someone has lost range in one arm and its very painful. Usually I’ve seen it due to an injury or immobilization post surgery. These can take a long time to heal, they have a frozen and a thawing stage. Depending what stage they are in you want to reduce excessive manual work and movement around the shoulder cause it will cause pain. If they have fair range of motion and tolerate massage go ahead and do it
What joint is between the vertebrae?
Cartilaginous, symphysis
Joints are classified 2 ways, what are they and describe the 2 different ways.
Structural: based on anatomical characteristics and what they are made of
Functionally: type of movement permitted
Where can I find saddle joints?
1st carpometacarpal joint, sternoclavicular
How does Dislocation, subluxation, separation differ?
DIslocation, no bone alignment and no joint function
Sublux: partial joint movement and function, poor contact
Separation ligament sprain at the AC joint
______ Is a sheet of dense CT that is amphiarthrodial, allows transmission of forces and muscle attachement
interosseous membrane
What is an ampiarthrodial joint and give an example.
Slightly moveable: sutures prior to birth, symphasis pubis, syndesmosis between tib/fib
What synovial joint is the metacarpalphalangeal joint, how many motions does it allow?
Condyloid, biaxial
Whats the difference between gout and spondylosis?
Gout: Inflammatory arthritis, related to diet, genetics, medications. Usually around age 50 for men and women. Due to increased uric acid build up that crystilizes in joints. Usually MTP joint. Usually sx don’t last long, but don’t massage it because the typically resolve on its own
Spondylosis: Not to be confused with spondylolisthesis which is an anterior slippage of the spine and usually results in a vertebral fracture. Spondylosis is a degenerative arthritis at the intervebral discs (cartilage) that occurs in 50-60 years old. Over time the disc thins and friction wears away at it, osteophytes or bone spurs can develop and cause pressure on nerves. The spine can start to ossify at the ligaments causing stiffening and lack of movement to the spine. Treatment can be movement, pain medications. Fine to massage if cleared by PCP
What does it mean to be "double jointed"?
The joint has greater degree of movement due to increased flexibility of the ligaments and articular cartilage
A salter harris fracture would effect what type of joint?
Synchondrosis/ cartilaginous joints
Growth plate fx
Name the components of a synovial joint from superficial to deep
Ligaments, articular capsule, synovial membrane with synovial fluid, articular cartilage
Whats the difference between OA and RA?
Osteoarthritis: Joint cartilage is gradually lost from wear and tear. >65 years old usually. OA is restricted to synovial joints only and is the most common form of arthritis. When OA starts you can modify your activity, behavior, physical demands to slow it down, but since articular cartilage is avascular it does not regenerate. Treatment can include pain medications, appropriate strengthening and ROM exercises, surgical interventions, weightloss, supplements. No real risks for massage therapy
Rhymatoid arthritis: autoimmune disease where the body attacks smaller joints causing redness/swelling/pain/loss of function. The body attacks the synovial membrane, usually at smaller joints first and leads to bone erosion and deformity. Usually happens in a symmetrical fashion, attacks both sides of the body. Also affects other organs such as skin, eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart. Can be any age but typically 40-60 years old
Glenohumeral joint: classify the joint type to all possible levels and descriptions (3), give the motions
Diarthrodial, synovial; ball and socket; Fl/Ext/IR/ER/Ab/Ad/horizontal ab/ad