Cell Structure
This organelle is the site of aerobic respiration and produces ATP.
What is the mitochondrion?
The monomers that make up proteins.
What are amino acids?
The model describing the arrangement of phospholipids and proteins in the cell membrane.
What is the fluid mosaic model?
The outer layer of connective tissue which protects and supports the ileum
What is the serosa?
Enzymes act as these, speeding up chemical reactions without being consumed.
What are biological catalysts?
The rigid structure surrounding plant cells, made of cellulose.
What is the cell wall?
This test uses Benedict’s reagent to detect the presence of this biological molecule.
What is a reducing sugar?
The type of transport that requires energy in the form of ATP.
What is active transport?
What are the adaptations of a Palisade mesophyll layer?
This type of inhibitor binds to an allosteric site and decreases the enzyme’s maximum rate of reaction.
What is a non-competitive inhibitor ?
Name the process that separates organelles based on their density after cell homogenization.
What is ultracentrifugation?
This polysaccharide is a storage molecule in plants, made up of amylose and amylopectin.
What is starch?
Water moves through a partially permeable membrane by this process.
What is osmosis?
Increases the contact of the villi with the digested food in the lumen
What is the function of the muscularis mucosa?
The name of the hypothesis where the active site changes shape slightly to fit the substrate.
What is the induced fit model?
This organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes used for breaking down waste material.
What is the lysosome?
This protein’s structure includes a prosthetic haem group, enabling it to carry oxygen.
What is haemoglobin?
The movement of molecules down their concentration gradient with the aid of specific carrier or channel proteins.
What is facilitated diffusion?
Active transport into columnar epithelial cells then facilitated diffusion into capillaries
How are glucose and amino acids absorbed into the blood?
This factor can denature enzymes by breaking hydrogen bonds and disrupting tertiary structure.
What is pH?
This double-membraned organelle contains circular DNA and ribosomes, enabling it to replicate independently of the nucleus.
What is the mitochondrion?
The specific name for the bond formed between the glycerol and fatty acids in a triglyceride.
What is an ester bond?
The term for the movement of bulk material into the cell, involving vesicle formation.
What is endocytosis?
A wave of muscle contraction and relaxation which helps move food along the gut
What is peristalsis?
The name of the inhibitor that binds to the active site of an enzyme, preventing substrate binding.
What is a competitive inhibitor?