Garcia
What does the term emergent bilinguals refer to?
Children’s potential in developing their bilingualism.
Who uses the term “Limited English Proficient,” and who uses the term “English Language Learner”?
Federal bodies use (LEP) and state bodies use (ELL).
What is telegraphic speech?
The use of a few content words as an entire utterance.
How many language strategies are there?
The reason why adults have a hard time preserving language is because language has a _____ period.
Critical
According to research, it takes children between ____ to ____ years to develop decontextualized academic skills in any language.
5 ; 7 years.
Which president introduced the “Preschool for All” program?
President Barack Obama
What is formulaic speech?
Verbal utterance that holds no meaning.
Strategies 1 and 2 are viewed as ____ and ____ class families. Whereas, strategies 3 and 4 are viewed as ______________.
Elite ; middle
Economically disadvantaged
At what age do you start to lose the acquisition of a second language?
7 years old.
What label focuses on students' limitations rather than their potential?
Limited English proficient (LEP)
True or False: Bilingual instruction is permitted in 30 states.
False.
What did the Wong Fillmore (1979) reveal?
Children used their longer phrases to begin the process of comparison that would lead them to an understanding of the structure of English.
What do you call it when a child adds or learns a new language without loss?
Additive language
What does a culture-bound listener mean?
It means that an individual could discriminate between the sounds of our own language, but not those of others.
What are the four aspects of language education?
Teaching of english to speakers of other languages (TESOL), bilingual education (BE), teaching of the heritage language when available (HL), and teaching of another foreign language (FL).
Which researcher found that vocabulary mastery in Spanish supports reading comprehension in English?
Bialystok (2007)
List the 4 periods of the developmental sequence?
Home-language use, nonverbal period, telegraphic and formulaic use, and productive use.
What languages are considered or viewed as minority languages?
English, French, German, Spanish, Arabic, or Italian.
What is the 2 step technique that researchers use on babies, to measure language?
1. Babies sit on their parents lap.
2. Babies are trained to turn their heads whenever they hear a sound.
What does the assessment measure?
Listening, speaking, reading, writing, and comprehension.
What was the initiative behind the “Race to the Top Early Learning Challenge” program?
To develop a coordinated system of early care and education to address the ways in which school readiness could improve across programs.
Based on the examples from Leonardos' conversation, is it possible to see how volatile the language abilities are, of second-language learners?
Yes.
What do you call it when a child learns a new language and is expected for the new language learned to be the dominant language?
Subtractive language.
What is magnetoencephalography (MEG)?
It is a machine that helps look at millimeter and millisecond accuracy of the magnetic field changes that occur in our mind as we think.