IT vocabulary
Safety tips
Unsafe behaviour
Cyberattack categories
Miscelaneous
100

A copy of data kept separately in case the original is lost.

Backup

100

Software that detects and removes malicious software.

Antivirus

100

An email that looks dangerous or fraudulent.

Suspicious email

100

Malicious software that replicates itself and spreads.

 

Virus

100

A document describing the details of a cyberattack.

Incident report

200

The process of converting data into code to protect it.

Encryption

200

A security system that monitors and controls network traffic.

Firewall

200

An attempt to trick someone into revealing sensitive information.

Phishing

200

Malware that secretly monitors and collects information.

Spyware

200

Turning off a computer system to prevent further damage.

System shutdown

300

A system that manages and keeps track of stored files.

Filesystem

300

A structured approach to managing the aftermath of a cyberattack.

Incident response

300

A deceptive email designed to make someone reveal sensitive information.

Phishing email

300

Malware that locks files and demands payment.

Ransomware

300

Unauthorised access to or disclosure of sensitive information.


Data breach

400

A system that has been infiltrated or attacked.

Compromised system

400

A security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic to protect a computer.

Firewall

400

Using malware disguised as legitimate software.

Trojan horse

400

Malware disguised as legitimate software that causes harm when executed.

Trojan horse

400

An attempt to disrupt or access systems without authorisation.

Cyberattack

500

Software designed to disrupt or damage computer systems.

Malicious software (malware)

500

Protecting sensitive information by converting it into code.

Encryption

500

Allowing unauthorised users to access a computer system.

Unauthorised access

500

Malicious software that can damage files and systems.

Malware

500

The process of dealing with the consequences of a cyberattack.

Incident response