Why do we need DNS?
What is the primary purpose of DNS?
To translate domain names into IP addresses for easier access.
What is the most common type of record?
An A Record
what is the "www" called?
subdomain, Can be freely chosen and assigned by domain owners. Also referred to as a hostname if assigned to a single host.
What are DNS Zones?
DNS zones are essentially administrative boundaries within the Domain Name System (DNS) that divide domain name space into manageable sections. These zones help in the distribution and management of DNS data for a domain. Each zone is typically associated with a specific portion of the DNS namespace.
At which layer of the OSI model does DHCP operate?
Application layer
What is the role of DNS servers in the name resolution process?
Translate names into computer-readable format.
What is a round robin?
It is a concept that involves iterating over a list of items one by one in an orderly fashion
What is a QDNF?
A fully qualified domain name, the combination of subdomain, domain, and TLD
What is the responsibility of authoritative name servers?
Managing DNS zones for specific domains. Authoritative name servers manage finer-grained zones below TLDs.
Which DHCP operation mode assigns IP addresses based on MAC addresses for security purposes?
Fixed Allocation
Why is UDP preferred over TCP in DNS operations?
UDP minimizes traffic overhead due to its connectionless nature.
What is the purpose of a CNAME record?
Redirecting traffic from one domain to another
What does ICANN oversee and manage related to domain names?
The administration and definition of TLDs and Collaborates with IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) to regulate global IP spaces and DNS systems.
Name some of the Types of Records in Zone Files
Besides SOA and NS records, zone files contain various resource record types like A, Quad A, and CNAME records, along with default TTL values.
What is the primary role of DHCP in a network environment?
Assigning dynamic IP addresses and network parameters
Explain the TCP DNS lookup process
SYN packet sent to local name server.
SYN-ACK and ACK exchanged for connection establishment.
Request and response packets exchanged with root, TLD, and authoritative servers.
Four-way handshake for connection closure.
What are MX records
Mail exchange: Specifies mail server for email delivery.
What are TLD's and who manages them?
The last part of a domain name.
Examples: ".com", ".net", ".edu".
Managed and defined by ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers).
How are zones configured in DNS for redundancy and fault tolerance?
By splitting configurations into multiple zones with independent servers
How are DHCP messages encapsulated for transmission?
Within UDP datagrams
How does DNS over TCP differ from DNS over UDP?
DNS over TCP is used when responses exceed the size limit of a UDP datagram.
Which resource record type maps domain names to IPv4 addresses?
A record
What is the FQDN character limit?
FQDN is limited to 255 characters.
What are some characteristics of DNS zones?
Zones do not overlap; administrative authority ends at the authoritative server for the specific domain.
Purpose of zones is to facilitate easier control over multiple levels of a domain.
What are the three types of DHCP allocation?
Dynamic Allocation:Most common DHCP operation mode. Assigns IP addresses from a predefined range to client devices as needed. IPs can vary each time a device connects to the network.
Automatic Allocation: Similar to dynamic allocation but maintains a history of IP assignments. Tries to assign the same IP to a device each time it connects, if possible.
Fixed Allocation: Requires a manual list of MAC addresses and corresponding IPs. DHCP server assigns IPs based on MAC addresses. Can be used for security by restricting network access to known devices.