Signs and Symptoms
what adventitious lung sounds do patients often experience during asthma attacks
wheezing
Before making a formal diagnosis of asthma, a physician will typically assess what information?
Patient history and physical exam.
Do patients who are using inhaled steroids have to rinse their mouth after use?
Yes patients must rinse their mouth after use to prevent oral fungal infection
what is the most common cause of asthma
Allergies
What is asthma?
Hyperreactive airway disease of bronchioles
what is a common chest symptom reported with asthma
chest tightness
What is a helpful tool commonly used to rule out other conditions that may have similar symptoms to asthma?
A chest x-ray.
What medication is used for an acute asthma attack?
Albuterol (SABA)
what are two common household allergens that contribute to asthma?
pet dander and dust mites
What does each attack lead to?
Inflammatory changes such as bronchial remodeling
in severe cases of asthma, what fear might the patient develop
fear of dying
Which PFT’s can be done to determine the severity of an asthma attack by assessing lung function?
Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1).
What are the contraindications for Budesonide?
Use during pregnancy or lactation,
use to treat acute asthma or status asthmaticus
what environmental factors are shown to be cause of asthma?
What are some triggering factors for asthma?
Allergens, nonallergic inhaled irritants, infections, exercise and emotions
What vital sign irregularities might present in a patient with asthma?
High blood pressure and heart rate
Which measurement decreases during an acute asthma attack?
FEV1 (Forced expiratory volume at 1 second).
What is Salmeterol combined with to help better the treatment of asthma?
Circadian rhythm changes are a cause of what type of asthma?
What is the name for extreme asthma?
Status asthmaticus
When watching the rate and depth of respirations in a patient with asthma, what might you notice?
Use of accessory muscles and prolonged exhalation
What test used to diagnose asthma uses an inhaled drug through a nebulizer?
The methacholine bronchoprovocation test.
What are some nursing considerations for Sympathomimetics (ex. salmeterol)?
Cardiac disease, vascular disease,arrhythmias,diabetes and hyperthyroidism
what disease has been shown to cause asthma exacerbations?
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERDs)
What cells play a role in asthma?
T cells, histamine, eosinophils, leukotrienes