Treatment
What is the first treatment principle?
Maintain Open Airway
Asthma is a ____ Condition (eg. Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability etc)
Asthma is a Breathing Condition.
What is choking?
When a foreign object is obstructing the airway
What is Anaphylaxis?
A severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction.
What are the steps of the Primary Survey?
Danger, Response, Shout, Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure
What is the very first step under the first treatment principle?
Remove the identified trigger or shift the casualty away from it.
What is Asthma?
A respiratory condition where the muscles of the bronchi go into spasm and the linings of the airway swell.
How do you treat Partial Obstruction Conscious Choking? (Say the main aim of treatment)
Encourage the casualty to cough it out
What does the Epi-Pen contain?
Epinephrine
What is the purpose/definition of the Primary survey?
A systematic approach to every casualty that allows you to find and treat injuries according to priority.
What are the differences between a Reliever Inhaler and a Preventer Inhaler?
Reliever Inhaler:
Usually contains Salbutamol, which relaxes the muscles of the airway.
Usually blue-capped
Life Saving medication, assist the casualty to use during asthma attacks.
Preventer Inhaler:
Contains steroids which reduce airway swelling and inflammation
Cold Air/weather, Exercise, Pollen, Dust, Air Pollution, etc.
When do you perform Chest Thrusts instead of Abdominal Thrusts?
When the casualty is pregnant or obese.
What are the 5 rights?
What are the questions to ask under Disability?
TPP - Time, Place, Person
When is a spacer used, and how do you use it along with an inhaler?
When casualties need to breathe in medication more effectively
Fit the spacer into the mouthpiece of the inhaler, before instructing the casualty to form a complete seal and breathe in and out after you press the inhaler
Elaborate on 2 Possible Event Histories for casualties suffering from an Asthma Attack. (Other than the one in the slides)
1. Sports event - Exercise
2. Walking in the park - Pollen, Cold Air
3. Entering a dusty room - Dust
+ any other reasonable scenario
What are the symptoms of Complete Obstruction Conscious Choking?
Universal Sign of Distress
Inability to Speak, Cough, or Breathe
Case/Event History
What are the Signs and Symptoms of Anaphylaxis?
Wheezing/Hoarseness of voice
Swelling of eyes and rash
Allergies
Event History
When do you check the carotid pulse rather than the radial pulse under circulation?
Carotid
When the casualty is unconscious
When you can't feel the radial pulse
When there are major bleeding injuries on both arms
When there is an injury around the radial pulse
From Start to Finish, state each step of treatment for an Asthma Attack with a Reliever Inhaler (without spacer)
Check for expiry date
Check the 5 Rights
Shake the inhaler
Remove the cap
Instruct the casualty to exhale fully
Instruct the casualty to form a complete seal over the mouthpiece.
Instruct the casualty to breathe in simultaneously as you press the inhaler.
Name the 4 Main Signs + Symptoms of an Asthma Attack.
Wheezing, Shortness of Breath + Coughing, Medical History + Medication, Event History
observe
What are all the steps when administering the Epi-Pen?
Check for Expiry Date
Check the 5 Rights
Remove the Blue Cap, with the orange part facing down
Place the orange end into the outer thigh, and click down (like a pen) and hold it for 10s.
After applying it, the area may feel sore. Inform the casualty to massage the area if so.
What do you do in the Secondary Survey? Be as detailed as possible.
NAGAMPLE - Name, Age, Gender, Allergies, Medication, Past Medical History, Last Meal Taken, Event History
Full Body Checkup
Vitals Monitoring