Light
Light is made up of a(n) ______ field and a(n) _____ field.
electric, magnetic
What type of math did Newton create?
Calculus
What is Kepler's 1st Law of Planetary Motion?
All planets have elliptical orbits, with the Sun at one focus.
If the frequency of a wave of light increases, does its energy increase or decrease?
increase
True or False: Light, like other waves, needs a medium to travel through.
False
In the context of light, if you combined all the colors together, what color would you see?
White light
Describe Newton's 2nd Law of Motion using words, as well as the equation.
The greater the mass, the greater the force needed to move the object. The greater the force the greater the acceleration.
Force = mass x acceleration (F=ma)
If the wavelength of a light wave increases, does the energy increase or decrease?
decrease
What is the speed of light in km/s? and What is the equation for the speed of light?
Speed of light: 300,000 km/s
Equation: wave speed = wavelength x frequency
or
c = λ x f
What are the two main ways light can be modeled?
as a particle and as a wave
Newton used which of Kepler's Laws to develop his own laws of planetary motion?
Kepler's 3rd Law
(P2=a3)
What is geocentrism vs. heliocentrism?
Geocentrism: earth is the center of the universe
Heliocentrism: the sun is the center of the solar system
How much mass does a photon have?
0. none.
The wavelengths of light that are visible to us have range of 400 nanometers to 700 nanometers. What color is at 400 nanometers? What color is at 700 nanometers?
400 nm = Blue
700 nm = Red
If you know the orbital period of a planet, which of Kepler's Laws can you use to find that planet's distance to the sun?
Kepler's 3rd Law
(“Law of Harmonies”: The orbital period of a planet (P) is related to the average distance from the Sun (a) by a simple equation: P2=a3)
Retrograde motion: Planets appear to move backwards in sky.
what is the difference between wavelength and frequency?
wavelength: distance between two wave peaks.
frequency: number of times per second that a wave vibrates up and down.
What are all the types of light that make up the electromagnetic spectrum?
radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible/optical, ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma rays.
Using the equation for Newton's Law of Gravity, is the force of gravity proportional to or inversely proportional to mass? Is the force of gravity proportional or inversely proportional to distance?
Newton's Law of Gravity: F = G (m1m2)/r2
The force of gravity is proportional to mass, and inversely proportional to distance (r).
True or false: heavier objects fall faster than lighter objects
False